微波对极性较大的物质具有选择性加热的作用,常见的离子液体及合成离子液体的物质均具有较大的极性,微波加热应用于离子液体的合成及利用过程成为国内外的研究热点。介绍了微波技术在功能化离子液体合成及应用过程中的新进展,重点阐述了微波对阳离子功能化离子液体和阴离子功能化离子液体合成的促进作用,并就微波技术在离子液体应用于萃取分离及催化领域进行了分析。最后指明微波能有效促进功能化离子液体的合成及应用。提出未来应主要在离子液体的黏度调节、经济性与环境友好性、微波功率与传质等方面进行研究。
Microwave irradiation has a selective heating effect on the chemicals with great polarity.Common ionic liquids (ILs) and their synthetic chemicals have great polarity.The application of microwave heating in the synthesis and utilization of ILs become a hot research topic around the world.The progresses of microwave irradiation in the synthesis and application of functional ionic liquids was introduced.The enhancement of microwave irradiation in the synthesis of anion-functionalized and cation-functionalized ILs was focuses on respectively.Then,the application of microwave irradiation in the field of separation,extraction,catalysis of ILs were analyzed.Finally,microwave irradiation can promote the synthesis and application of functional ILs was pointed out.The viscosity of ILs,the economy and environmental friendliness,as well as microwave power and mass transfer should be investigated in the further studies.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(21666011)
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