在碱性条件下,木质素可部分替代苯酚,通过树脂化生成木质素基酚醛树脂,酚醛树脂经物理发泡、高温碳化工艺制得木质素基酚醛泡沫炭。研究结果表明:木质素基酚醛泡沫的热稳定性良好,当纯化木质素添加量为20%(质量分数)时,木质素基酚醛最大炭收率为54.60%,热稳定性优于其他泡沫;碳化后的4种木质素基酚醛泡沫炭(CF-L-0%、CF-L-10%、CF-L-20%、CF-L-30%)皆由100～600μm的泡孔及孔壁组成,其表观密度在0.15～0.23g/cm3之间,压缩强度最高可达3.35MPa;4种木质素基酚醛泡沫炭为非石墨化的碳质结构,其微观结构以微孔为主;木质素基酚醛泡沫炭的碳含量随木质素替代量的增加而提高,碳质量分数最高可达72.34%。
Under akaline condition,phenol could be replaced partially by lignin,lignin-based phenolic resin was prepared from purified lignin by resinification.Lignin-based phenolic carbon foam was prepared by physical foaming and high-temperature carbonization process of phenolic resin.The results showed that the foam had good thermal stability.The maximum carbon residue was 54.6% when the replacement percentage of phenol by lignin was 20%,which was better than other foams.The four foams(CF-L-0%,CF-L-10%,CF-L-20%,CF-L-30%) were all composed of bubble hole and pore wall,which were between 100～600μm.Their bulk densities were between 0.15～0.23g/cm3,compression strength was up to 3.35MPa.The four foams were non-graphitized carbonaceous,and the microporous structure were their main structures.The carbon content of foams were increased with the increase of lignin substitution,which was as high as 72.34wt%.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金(31760195、31560195);国家重点研发专项(2017YFD0601003)
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