聚合物纳米纤维具有高比表面积、高孔隙率等优点,是油污染处理领域重要材料之一,主要应用于油污的吸收和油水分离。阐述了油污的危害和各种吸油材料的性能,介绍了纳米纤维在高效吸油及油水分离领域中的应用。叙述了纳米纤维制备成型的方法及原理,探讨了纳米纤维各种参数对吸油性能和油水分离效果的影响,以及纳米纤维吸油的重复使用性能,以期增进对电纺纳米纤维高效油污染处理应用的新认识。
Polymer nanofiber which is one of the most important materials in the field of oil pollution treatment has many advantages,such as the high specific surface area,high porosity and so on.It is mainly used in oil absorption and oil-water separation.The harm of oil pollution and the performance of various oil absorbing materials were explained.And the application of nanofiber in high efficiency oil absorption and oil-water separation were introduced.the forming method and preparation principle of nanofiber were described,the influence of various parameters on the oil absorption and oil-water separation were discussed.The reuse performance of nanofiber in oil absorption was also mentioned.To improve the new understanding of electrospinning nanofiber in the application of high efficiency oil pollution treatment was hoped.
[1] Deng D,Prendergast D P,MacFarlane J,et al.Hydro-phobic meshes for oil spill recovery devices[J].Applied Materials & Interfaces,2013,5(3):774-781.
[2] Dutta P,Gogoi B,Dass N N,et al.Efficient organic solvent and oil sorbent co-polyesters:poly-9-octadecenylacrylate/methacrylate with 1-hexene[J].Reactive & Functional Polymers,2013,73(3):457-464.
[3] 徐龙宇,朱靖,闫向阳,等.吸油材料对溢油吸附的研究进展[J].化工新型材料,2013,41(2):141-143.
[4] Wang J T,Zheng Y,Wang A Q.Effect of kapok fiber treated with various solvents on oil absorbency[J].Industrial Crops & Products,2012,40(3):178-184.
[5] 丁彬,斯阳,俞建勇.静电纺纳米纤维材料在环境领域中的应用研究[J].中国材料进展,2013,32(8):492-502.
[6] 彭洪祥,于志家,孙晓哲.新型聚四氟乙烯微孔膜的油水分离特性研究[J].高校化学工程学报,2013,27(6):1084-1088.
[7] 林金友.静电纺微纳米多级结构纤维制备及其在油水分离中的应用[D].上海:东华大学,2012.
[8] Teo W E,Ramakrishna S.Electrospun fibre bundle made of aligned nanofibres over two fixed points[J].Nanotechnology,2005,16(9):1878-1884.
[9] Taylor G S.Electrically driven jets[J].Proceedings of the Royal Society of London,1969,313(1515):453-475.
[10] 杨大祥,李恩重,郭伟玲,等.静电纺丝制备纳米纤维及其工业化研究进展[J].材料导报,2011,25(15):64-68.
[11] 王文华,邱金泉,寇希元,等.吸油材料在海洋溢油处理中的应用研究进展[J].化工新型材料,2013,41(7):151-154.
[12] Lafuma A,Quéré D.Superhydrophobic states[J].Nature Materials,2003,2(7):457-460.
[13] 寇希元,王静,王文华,等.纳米聚丙烯-丙烯酸酯改性材料的制备及其吸油性能研究[J].海洋环境科学,2015,34(4):519-523.
[14] Li H Y,Chen H B,Zhong X F,et al.Interjet distance in needleless melt differential electrospinning with umbellate nozzles[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2014,131(15):338-347.
[15] 张国栋,杨纪元,冯新德,等.聚乳酸的研究进展[J].化学进展,2000,12(1):89-102.
[16] 曹胜光,胡炳环,刘海清.静电纺制备纳米孔结构聚乳酸(PLLA)超细纤维[J].高分子学报,2010,1(10):1193-1198.
[17] 吴卫逢,丁玉梅,李好义,等.熔体静电纺丝制备聚乳酸纤维的吸油性能研究[J].北京化工大学学报(自然科学学报),2014,41(4):71-75.
[18] 曾良滨,何雪涛,谭晶,等.熔体微分静电纺丝聚丙烯纤维的吸油性能研究[J].北京化工大学学报(自然科学学报),2015,42(6):66-71.
[19] 寇希元,王静,王文华,等.纳米聚丙烯-丙烯酸酯改性材料对海面浮油的吸收性能研究[J].广东化工,2016,43(22):55-57.
[20] Lin J Y,Shang Y W,Ding B,et al.Nanoporous polystyrene fibers for oil spill cleanup[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2012,64(2):347-352.
[21] Li H Y,Wu W H,Mahmoud M B,et al.Polypropylene fibers fabricated via a eednleless melt electrospinning device for marine oil-spill cleanup[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2014,131(7):2540-2540.
[22] 吴卫逢.熔体静电纺丝超细纤维及溢油处理应用研究[D].北京:北京化工大学,2015.
[23] 王文华,王静,寇希元,等.纳米聚丙烯纤维吸油特性及对水面浮油的吸附研究[J].海洋技术学报,2013,32(2):106-109.
[24] 唐广军,孙本惠.聚偏氟乙烯膜的亲水性改性研究进展[J].化工进展,2004,23(5):480-485.
[25] 贠延滨,刘丽英,马润宇.聚偏氟乙烯膜的研究进展[J].膜科学与技术,2003,23(2):57-61.
[26] 李芳,贾坤,李其明,等.静电纺丝制备超疏/超亲油空心微球状PVDF纳米纤维及其在油水分离中的应用[J].化工新型材料,2016,44(3):223-225.
[27] 赵文敏,蒋国军,李方,等.静电纺PVDF/PAN共混纳米纤维膜对含油污水的过滤性能[J].东华大学学报(自然科学报),2015,41(5):565-571.
[28] 王镭,曹兵,潘凯.臭氧接枝制备亲水性聚偏氟乙烯中空纤维油水分离膜[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2015,31(7):149-153.
[29] 王枢,褚良银,陈文梅,等.有机/无机复合型抗污染油水分离膜研究[J].高校化学工程学报,2005,19(1):11-16.
基金资助
国家重点研发计划(2016YFB0302000)
PDF
(1177KB)
