为了有效地利用农作物秸秆,降低焚烧对环境的污染,通过超声将水稻秸秆溶解在NaOH/尿素溶液体系中,得到均相的纤维素溶解液,其后接枝共聚制成了高吸水树脂;考察了丙烯酰胺(AM)、丙烯酸(AA)、反应温度、单体与秸秆比例等因素对产品性质的影响;采用红外光谱仪和热重分析仪表征了产物的结构基团和热稳定性。结果表明:在NaOH/尿素(6%/4%,质量分数)溶液中,采用超声将秸秆制成均相体系,在温度为65℃,单体与秸秆质量比达到5,AM与AA质量比为2时,可以通过接枝共聚获得吸水倍率为780倍左右和吸盐水倍率为125倍左右的高吸水树脂。
To develop straws reasonably and reduce environmental pollution,the rice straw was used to graft acrylic acid/acrylic amide to produce super absorbent polymer.It was made that wheat straw fibers efficient dissolved in NaOH/urea solution by ultrasound,a transparent homogeneous cellulose solution was successfully obtained.The effect of reaction temperature,ratio of acrylic acid to acrylic amide and ratio of monomer to wheat staw on the water absorption and salt resistance of graft copolymer were studied.The structural feature of straws and graft copolymer were also analyzed,in which FT-IR,XRD and TG were used.The study showed that when the straw fibers processed by NaOH(6wt%)/urea (4wt%) solution,the reaction temperature of 65℃,the ratio of monomer to wheat straw of 5 and the ratio of acrylic acid to acrylic amide of 2,a higher water absorbency ratio of 780 could be achieved,an salt water absorbency ratio of 125 could be reached.
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基金资助
国家青年基金(51403024);安徽高校自然科学研究项目(KJ2015A282)
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