石蜡基定形相变材料性能稳定、成本低廉,在热能储存与温度调控领域极具应用价值,但其通常不具备光学透明性,难以应用于需保证采光的光热调节场景。为此,以石蜡(PA)为相变芯材,烯烃嵌段共聚物(OBC)与聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)为二元支撑骨架,采用熔融共混结合高温退火的方法,制备了一种兼具透明性与定形能力的柔性相变复合材料。结果表明:该材料各组分相容性良好,相变温度为28.6℃,相变潜热为115.83kJ/kg,固-液相变过程中结构稳定、无渗漏,且对不同颜色基体呈现良好透明性。材料表现出温致透光率变化特性:高于相变温度时呈透明态,利于吸收储存太阳辐射热;低于相变温度时转为半透明/不透明态,可保护室内隐私。光热调控测试表明,覆盖该材料的玻璃片在相变温度附近升温速率显著减缓,有效减少室内得热,且经720h暴晒后仍保持良好的光学性能与柔性。为开发透光调温复合材料提供了材料基础与实验依据。
Paraffin-based shape-stabilized phase change materials (PCMs) are cost-effective and stable,making them highly valuable for applications in thermal energy storage and temperature regulation.However,they lack optical transparency,which limits their use in daylight-required photo-thermal regulation scenarios.Herein,a flexible transparent phase change composite possessing both transparency and shape stability was fabricated using paraffin (PA) as the core material,olefin block copolymer (OBC) and polyvinyl butyral (PVB) as the binary supporting skeleton via melt blending combined with high-temperature annealing.The results showed that the components of the composite exhibited good compatibility,with a phase transition temperature of 28.6℃ and a latent heat of phase transition of 115.83kJ/kg.It maintained structural stability without leakage during solid-liquid transition and demonstrated favorable transparency on different colored substrates.It showed temperature-dependent transmittance switching:transparent above the phase change temperature to absorb solar heat,and translucent/opaque below the phase change temperature to preserve indoor privacy.Photo-thermal tests demonstrated that the PCM-covered glass exhibited a significantly slowed heating rate near the phase-change temperature,effectively reducing indoor heat gain,and maintained good optical properties and flexibility after 720 hours of outdoor exposure.This study provides a material foundation for the development of transparent thermo-regulating composites.
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基金资助
重庆市企业科技攻关联合项目(CSTB2025TIAD-qykjggX0130);河南省自然科学基金青年项目(232300420310)
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