化工新型材料

化工新型材料 ›› 2026, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (10) : 209-215. DOI: 10.19817/j.cnki.issn1006-3536.2026.10.040

科学研究

助溶剂对细菌纤维素在离子液体中溶解行为及再生性能的影响

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Effect of co-solvent on the dissolution and regeneration behavior of bacterial cellulose in ionic liquids

Zhang Zuofeng, Shang Shenglong

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Received
2025-11-07
Issue Date	Revised Date
2026-10-13	2025-11-07

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摘要

为探究助溶剂N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAC)对细菌纤维素(BC)溶解性能的影响,研究了BC在1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐(AmimCl)溶剂和AmimCl/DMAC混合溶剂中的溶解性能和溶液的流变性能,根据剪切流变和动态流变性能的测试结果确定了最优纺丝参数,并利用干喷-湿法纺丝工艺制备了再生细菌纤维素纤维。结果表明:助溶剂DMAC会加快BC在离子液体AmimCl中的溶解,使溶解时间缩短25%。BC/AmimCl、BC/AmimCl/DMAC纺丝液都呈现表观黏度随剪切速率增大而减小的趋势,2种纺丝液均为非牛顿流体。加入少量助溶剂使纺丝液表观黏度、结构黏度指数、黏度活化能降低,减弱了纺丝过程中纺丝液对温度和剪切速率的敏感性,使加工温度降低20℃。使用AmimCl/DMAC混合溶剂制备的再生细菌纤维素纤维表面形貌更光滑,纤维的结晶度和晶体有序性得到提高,纤维的热稳定性变好,混合溶剂对再生细菌纤维素纤维力学性能、化学结构几乎未产生影响。

Abstract

To investigate the effect of the co-solvent N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) on the dissolution properties of bacterial cellulose (BC),the dissolution behavior and rheological properties of BC in 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl) solvent and an AmimCl/DMAC mixed solvent were studied.The optimal spinning parameters were determined based on the test results of shear rheology and dynamic rheology,and regenerated bacterial cellulose fibers were subsequently prepared using a dry-jet wet spinning process.The results showed that the co-solvent DMAc accelerated the dissolution of BC in the ionic liquid AmimCl,reducing the dissolution time by 25%.Both the BC/AmimCl and BC/AmimCl/DMAc spinning solutions exhibited a trend where apparent viscosity decreased with an increasing shear rate,indicating that both were non-Newtonian fluids.The addition of a small amount of co-solvent reduced the apparent viscosity,structural viscosity index,and viscous flow activation energy of the spinning solutions,which weakened their sensitivity to temperature and shear rate during the spinning process,allowing the processing temperature to be lowered by 20℃.Furthermore,the regenerated bacterial cellulose fibers prepared using the AmimCl/DMAc mixed solvent exhibited a smoother surface morphology,improved crystallinity and crystalline order,and enhanced thermal stability.The mixed solvent had almost no impact on the mechanical properties or chemical structure of the regenerated bacterial cellulose fibers.

关键词

再生细菌纤维素纤维 / 助溶剂 / 干喷-湿法纺丝

Key words

regenerated bacterial cellulose fiber / co-solvent / dry-jet wet spinning

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助溶剂对细菌纤维素在离子液体中溶解行为及再生性能的影响[J]. 化工新型材料, 2026, 54(10): 209-215 DOI:10.19817/j.cnki.issn1006-3536.2026.10.040

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基金资助

国家重点研发计划(2021YFB3801905)

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