针对船舶结构材料在复杂海洋环境下面临的腐蚀问题,系统梳理了船舶结构在复杂海洋环境中的腐蚀类型与分区特征,重点评述了表面涂层与自修复涂层等防护技术的研究进展。研究表明,TiO2/GO/PANI复合涂层、石墨烯改性环氧涂层等新型涂层具有优异屏障与钝化功能;自修复涂层通过胶囊、中空纤维及外援型响应机制实现损伤区域的智能修复。未来应建立腐蚀数据库、发展多物理场数值模拟方法,并推动自修复与自感知一体化涂层的研发,以提升船舶腐蚀防控的系统性与前瞻性。
In response to the corrosion issues faced by ship structural materials in complex marine environments,this work systematically reviewed the corrosion types and zonal characteristics of ship structures under harsh marine conditions,with a particular focus on the research progress of protective technologies such as surface coatings and self-healing coatings.Research indicated that novel coatings such as TiO2/GO/PANI composite coatings and graphene-modified epoxy coatings possessed excellent barrier and passivation properties.Self-healing coatings achieved intelligent repair of damaged areas through capsule,hollow fiber,and extrinsic response mechanisms.In the future,it is necessary to establish corrosion databases,develop multi-physics numerical simulation methods,and promote the research and development of integrated self-healing and self-sensing coatings,so as to enhance the systematicness and foresight of ship corrosion prevention and control.
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基金资助
航空科学基金项目(20230002005001)
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