尽管现有柔性热敏传感器已实现较高灵敏度与稳定性,但多依赖光刻、掩膜等复杂昂贵工艺,制约规模化应用,且缺乏长期循环稳定性系统评估;提出以聚偏氟乙烯-三氟乙烯共聚物/四氧化三铁(PVDF-TrFE/Fe3O4)为敏感材料的柔性热敏传感器并制备成功,兼具热释电特性与良好热电响应及稳定性。采用基于COMSOL Multiphysics的有限元仿真方法,分析了PVDF-TrFE/Fe3O4敏感单元在多场温度激励下的电学响应特性,并在此基础上完成了传感器的制备与综合性能评估,涵盖不同热激励条件下的电输出响应特征及温度感知稳定性测试。结果表明:该柔性热敏传感器在宽温域内具备优良的温度感知稳定性与运行可靠性。最后将该传感器应用于机器人热源避障,实现了机器人在动态环境中对危险热源的距离感知与自主、实时避障。
Although existing flexible thermal sensors have achieved relatively high sensitivity and stability,they often rely on complex and costly fabrication processes such as photolithography and shadow-mask techniques,which limit their large-scale application.In addition,they lack systematic evaluation of long-term cyclic stability.In this work,we proposed and successfully fabricated a flexible thermal sensor using polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene copolymer/ferric oxide (PVDF-TrFE/Fe3O4) composite as the sensing material,which combined pyroelectric properties with favorable thermoelectric response and stability.The study employed a finite element simulation method based on COMSOL Multiphysics to analyze the electrical response characteristics of the PVDF-TrFE/Fe3O4 sensing unit under multi-field temperature excitations.On this basis,the sensor was fabricated and subjected to comprehensive performance evaluation,encompassing the electrical output response features under various thermal stimuli and tests of temperature perception stability.Experimental results demonstrated that the developed flexible thermal sensor exhibited excellent temperature sensing stability and operational reliability over a wide temperature range.Finally,the sensor was integrated into a robotic system for thermal-source obstacle avoidance,enabling the robot to perceive the distance to hazardous heat sources and perform autonomous,real-time obstacle avoidance in dynamic environments.
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基金资助
山西省职业教育教学改革与实践研究项目(202403053);中央引导地方性创新项目(YDZJSX2022A062)
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