采用熔融纺丝法,对不同熔点的低熔点聚酰胺(LMPA)可纺性进行探究,得到一个最佳纺丝工艺。选用110℃ LMPA为皮层,聚酰胺6(PA6)为芯层,制备LMPA/PA6皮芯复合纤维。通过工艺参数调整,研究LMPA/PA6复合纤维可纺性和力学性能。讨论了全牵伸丝(FDY)生产工艺条件下不同牵伸倍数、纺丝速度对LMPA/PA6复合纤维力学性能的影响。结果表明:规格为50dtex/24f,LMPA纺丝温度为160～190℃,纺丝速度为3000m/s牵伸倍数为2。生产状况良好,且皮芯结构明显,LMPA/PA6复合纤维性能最佳,断裂强度为4.15cN/dtex,断裂伸长率为42%。可为低熔点聚酰胺复合纤维的制备提供新方法、新思路,同时也拓展了超低熔点聚酰胺材料的应用领域。
The spinnability of low-melting-point polyamide (LMPA) with different melting points was investigated by melt spinning method,and an optimal spinning process was obtained.LMPA with a melting point of 110℃ was selected as the skin layer and polyamide 6 (PA6) as the core layer to prepare LMPA/PA6 core-sheath composite fibers.The spinnability and mechanical properties of LMPA/PA6 composite fibers were studied by adjusting the process parameters.The effects of different draw ratios and spinning speeds on the mechanical properties of LMPA/PA6 composite fibers under fully drawn yarn (FDY) production process conditions were discussed.The experimental results showed that when the specification was 50dtex/24f,the spinning temperature of LMPA was 160～190℃,the spinning speed was 3000m/s,and the draw ratio was 2,the production condition was good,the skin-core structure was obvious.Under these conditions,the performance of the resulting LMPA/PA6 composite fibers was the best,with a breaking strength of 4.15cN/dtex and a breaking elongation of 42%.This study provides new methods and ideas for the preparation of low-melting-point polyamide composite fibers,and also expands the application fields of ultra-low-melting-point polyamide materials.
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基金资助
宁夏回族自治区普通本科高校一流本科专业建设点(应用化学专业:宁教办函〔2023〕103号);宁夏回族自治区高校自治区级一流基层教学组织(应用化学教研室:宁教办函〔2023〕103号);广州市科技计划项目(2023B03J1332);宁夏回族自治区自然科学基金项目(2025AAC030530)
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