在“双碳”战略背景下,电动船舶作为实现航运低碳化的重要路径,已成为研究热点。锂离子电池因具备较高能量密度、自放电率低等优点,在电动船舶中应用广泛。然而,海上高盐雾、高湿度及运行振动等复杂环境条件对电池性能构成严峻挑战,直接影响船舶的续航能力、安全性和运营成本。因此,系统阐述了电动船舶用锂离子电池在应用中面临的关键问题,并从材料、结构与系统三层面,重点综述了表面涂层、材料包覆、电池管理系统等策略提高电池的环境适应性的研究进展。最后,总结了该领域存在的问题并展望了未来研究发展方向。
Against the backdrop of the “dual carbon” strategy,electric ships have emerged as an important pathway for achieving low-carbon shipping and have become a research hotspot.Lithium-ion batteries,due to their high energy density and low self-discharge rate,are widely used in electric ships.However,complex environmental conditions at sea,such as high salt spray,high humidity,and operational vibrations,pose significant challenges to battery performance,directly affecting the ship's endurance,safety,and operating costs.Therefore,this paper systematically elaborated on the key issues faced by lithium-ion batteries for electric ships in practical applications,and focused on reviewing research progress in strategies such as surface coatings,material encapsulation,and battery management systems to improve battery environmental adaptability from three perspectives of materials,structure,and system.Finally,it summarized the existing problems in this field and looked forward to future research directions.
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基金资助
东莞市重点领域研发项目(20241200300152)
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