为研发性能优良的柔性机械防护材料,采用静电纺丝技术制备生物基尼龙(PA610)/剪切增稠液(STF)芯鞘结构复合纳米纤维膜,实现STF的有效封装。首先,通过调控纳米粒子制备高性能STF,以流变性能为依据,探究STF的剪切增稠效应;其次,以涤纶斜纹布为上下层,PA610/STF复合纳米纤维膜为中间层制备叠层结构纤维膜/织物复合材料,并进行拉伸性能和防刀刺性能测试,探究纳米纤维膜及其复合材料的力学性能和准静态防刀刺性能。结果表明:PA610/STF复合纳米纤维膜的力学性能均高于纯PA610纤维膜;PA610/改性锆-STF复合纳米纤维膜最大拉伸断裂载荷为10.1N,较纯PA610纤维膜提高了近3倍且断裂伸长显著提高,韧性较好,断裂耗能大;单位密度下PA610/改性锆-STF纤维膜/织物复合材料抗刀刺性能最佳,且防刀刺性能随叠层层数的增加而提高。STF基纳米纤维膜的厚度和克重值较低,3层和7层STF基纤维膜的厚度和面密度相近,但是7层改性STF基纤维膜最大防刀刺力却显著提高。
To develop high-performance flexible mechanical protective materials,a bio-based (PA610)/shear thickening fluid (STF) core-shell structured nanofiber membrane was prepared using electrospinning technology,achieving effective encapsulation of STF.At first,high-property STF was synthesized by tuning nanoparticle formulations.The shear thickening effect of STF was investigated based on the rheological properties.Then,a laminated fiber membrane/fabric composite was prepared using polyester twill fabric as the top and bottom layers and the PA610/STF composite nanofiber membrane as the intermediate layer.Tensile performance and stab resistance tests were carried out to investigate the mechanical properties and quasi-static anti-stab performance of the nanofiber membrane and its composites.The results showed that the mechanical properties of all PA610/STF nanofiber membranes were higher than those of pure PA610 fiber membranes.The PA610/modified Zirconia-STF composite nanofiber membrane demonstrated a maximum tensile breaking force of 10.1N,which was nearly three times higher than that of pure PA610 fiber membrane.Moreover,its elongation at break was significantly improved,with good toughness and high fracture energy consumption.Among the composites with the same unit density,the PA610/modified Zirconia-STF fabric membrane/fabric composite exhibited the best stab-resistant performance,and the stab-resistant performance of the composite increased with the number of layers.Due to the low thickness and grammage values of STF nanofiber membranes,3-layer and 7-layer STF fiber membranes were similar in thickness and areal density.However,the maximum stab resistance force of 7-layer STF fiber membrane was significantly improved.
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基金资助
安徽农业大学人才引进项目(rc362003)
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