六价铬[Cr(Ⅵ)]作为一种剧毒且持久性的污染物,对生态环境和人类健康构成了严重威胁。随着工业化进程的加速,铬资源需求激增,但目前利用效率低下,导致了资源浪费与环境污染的双重困境。因此,开发高效的铬废水资源化处理技术迫在眉睫。金属-有机框架(MOFs)材料凭借优异的孔隙结构和可调控的化学性质,已成为光催化还原Cr(Ⅵ)领域的研究热点。综述了MOFs基光催化材料在Cr(Ⅵ)还原方面的研究进展,重点探讨了基于MOFs的一元、二元及三元复合材料体系的光催化性能,深入分析了MOFs结构特征对光催化活性的影响机理,并讨论了通过构建异质结以促进电荷分离与转移、优化电荷传输路径等增强光催化效能的策略,旨在为设计高效、稳定的MOFs基光催化剂提供理论指导,以期实现Cr(Ⅵ)污染的高效治理,保障水资源安全。
Hexavalent chromium [Cr(Ⅵ)] is a highly toxic and persistent pollutant that poses a severe threat to the ecological environment and human health.With the acceleration of industrialization,the demand for chromium resources has surged;however,the current low utilization efficiency leads to a dual dilemma of resource wastage and aggravated environmental pollution.Consequently,there is an urgent need to develop novel technologies for the resource utilization of chromium-containing wastewater.Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs),owing to their superior porous structures and tunable chemical properties,have emerged as a research hotspot for the photocatalytic reduction of Cr(Ⅵ).This paper reviewed the research progress of MOFs-based photocatalytic materials for Cr(Ⅵ) reduction,focusing on the photocatalytic performance of MOFs-based unary,binary,and ternary composite systems.The influence of MOFs' structural characteristics on photocatalytic activity was analyzed.In addition,strategies to enhance photocatalytic efficiency—such as constructing heterojunctions to promote charge separation and transfer,and optimizing charge transport pathways—were discussed.This review aims to provide theoretical guidance for designing more efficient and stable MOFs-based photocatalysts,ultimately achieving effective governance of Cr(Ⅵ) pollution and ensuring water resource security.
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基金资助
工业园区污染治理与资源化利用安徽省联合共建学科重点实验室开放课题(ZHLH-2024-001,GZAS-2023-4);安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(2023t07010002);安徽省高校省级自然科学研究项目(KJ2021A0619,2022AH010019,2022AH050236)
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