聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)膜因化学稳定性高、疏水性强而被广泛应用于分离领域,但其单一疏水性易引发膜污染与润湿而失效,限制了其在水处理中的效能。综述了基于不对称结构设计的PTFE基Janus膜最新研究进展。归纳了Janus膜的构型设计和制备策略,揭示了其具有抗污染抗润湿、单向传输以及可切换渗透特性的作用机制;阐述了该材料在油水乳液分离、高盐废水处理以及选择性纳滤等领域的创新应用。指出当前存在的层间界面结合力薄弱、长期运行稳定性不足及规模化制备技术不成熟等关键挑战,并提出未来研究需聚焦膜构型优化、兼容性材料开发及中空纤维组件探索,以推动PTFE基Janus膜在废水处理及高盐水淡化等领域的实际应用。
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membranes are widely used in the separation field due to their high chemical stability and strong hydrophobicity.However,their single hydrophobicity easily leads to membrane fouling and wetting-induced failure,limiting their efficiency in water treatment.This paper reviewed recent research progress on PTFE-based Janus membranes designed with asymmetric structures.It summarized the configuration design and preparation strategies of Janus membranes,revealed the mechanism of their anti-fouling,anti-wetting,unidirectional transport,and switchable permeability characteristics,and expounded the innovative applications of this material in the fields of oil-water emulsion separation,high-salinity wastewater treatment,and selective nanofiltration.The critical challenges were pointed out,including weak interlayer interface adhesion,insufficient long-term operation stability,and immature large-scale preparation technology.Future research should focus on membrane configuration optimization,development of compatible materials,and exploration of hollow fiber modules to promote the practical application of PTFE-based Janus membranes in wastewater treatment,high-salinity water desalination,and other fields.
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基金资助
南宁市科学研究与技术开发计划项目(20223231);广西自然科学基金项目(2021GXNSFAA96073);广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB220B0003)
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