碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)凭借其轻质高强、耐腐蚀、抗疲劳等优异性能,在海洋工程领域的应用价值日益凸显。全球碳纤维产能持续增长,中国已成为最大生产国,为CFRP应用奠定基础。系统梳理了CFRP在海洋油气工程、海上风电、近海基建、海洋观测与科研平台等场景的应用进展。CFRP在海洋油气工程中用于修复腐蚀管道、平台钢结构等;在深海立管、系泊缆索及脐带缆中,CFRP的轻量化与耐疲劳性能优势显著,但长期可靠性验证和高成本制约其大规模应用。海上风电领域,CFRP叶片可有效减重,推动风机大型化;近海基建中,CFRP筋替代钢筋可延长结构寿命。此外,CFRP在海洋探测器、潜水器及舰船中表现优异。未来,低成本材料研发、智能化监测及工艺创新将推动CFRP在海洋平台的更广泛应用,但其仍需解决耐久性、回收技术等挑战,以实现海洋工程绿色化与智能化发展。
Carbon fiber reinforced composites (CFRP) have become increasingly prominent in the field of marine engineering due to their excellent properties such as light weight,high strength,corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance.The global carbon fiber production capacity continues to grow,and China has become the largest producer,laying the foundation for CFRP applications.This review systematically summarized the application progress of carbon fiber composite materials in offshore oil and gas engineering,offshore wind power,offshore infrastructure,marine observation and scientific research platforms and other scenarios.CFRP is used to repair corroded pipelines and platform steel structures in offshore oil and gas engineering.In deep-sea risers,mooring cables and umbilical cables,CFRP has significant advantages in lightweight and fatigue resistance,but long-term reliability verification and high cost restrict its large-scale application.In the field of offshore wind power,CFRP blades can effectively reduce weight and promote the large-scale development of wind turbines.In offshore infrastructure construction,the replacement of steel bars with CFRP bars can prolong the service life of structures.In addition,CFRP performs well in ocean detectors,submersibles and ships.In the future,low-cost material research and development,intelligent monitoring and process innovation will promote the wider application of CFRP on offshore platforms,but it still needs to solve challenges such as durability and recycling technology to achieve green and intelligent development of marine engineering.
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基金资助
中国海油集团公司基础研究课题项目(CNOOC-KJZH-2024-1704)
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