有机太阳能电池(OSCs)具有制造成本低、可大面积溶液加工以及与柔性基底兼容等优势,作为一种新型绿色能源设备具有广阔的应用前景。得益于光伏材料的飞速发展和制备工艺的持续优化,单结OSCs的能量转换效率已突破20%,但OSCs的制造成本仍需进一步降低。从分子结构和光伏性能方面综述了近年来基于噻吩的高性价比聚合物给体材料的研究进展,并展望了未来OSCs活性层材料的发展前景。
Organic solar cells (OSCs) have broad application prospects as a new type of green energy device due to their advantages,such as low manufacturing cost,large-area solution processing,and compatibility with flexible substrates.Thanks to the rapid development of photovoltaic materials and continuous optimization of fabrication processes,the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of single-junction OSCs has exceeded 20%.However,the manufacturing cost of OSCs still needs to be further reduced.This paper reviewed the recent research progress of high cost-performance thiophene-based polymer donor materials on from the perspectives of molecular structure and photovoltaic performance,and looked ahead to the future development of OSCs active layer materials.
[1] Lu L Y,Zheng T Y,Wu Q H,et al.Recent advances in bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells[J].Chemical Reviews,2015,115(23):12666-12731.
[2] Sun Y D,Wang L W,Guo C H,et al.π-extended nonfullerene acceptor for compressed molecular packing in organic solar cells to achieve over 20% efficiency[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2024,146(17):12011-12019.
[3] Yu R N,Li S,Yuan H Y,et al.Research advances of nonfused ring acceptors for organic solar cells[J].The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters,2024,15(10):2781-2803.
[4] Wang J J,Bi F Z,Du L,et al.Cyanoesterthiophene based low-cost polymer donors for high efficiency organic solar cells[J].Advanced Functional Materials,2024,34(19):2313850.
[5] Xu J G,Sun A X,Xiao Z,et al.Efficient wide-bandgap copolymer donors with reduced synthesis cost[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry C,2021,9(45):16187-16191.
[6] Kim Y,Choulis S A,Nelson J,et al.Device annealing effect in organic solar cells with blends of regioregular poly (3-hexylthiophene) and soluble fullerene[J].Applied Physics Letters,2005,86(6):3.
[7] Reyes-Reyes M,Kim K,Carroll D L.High-efficiency photovoltaic devices based on annealed (3-hexylthiophene) and 1-(3-methoxycarbonyl)-propyl-1-phenyl-(6,6) C61 blends[J].Applied Physics Letters,2005,87(8):83506.
[8] Qin Y P,Uddin M A,Chen Y,et al.Highly efficient fullerene-free polymer solar cells fabricated with polythiophene derivative[J].Advanced Materials,2016,28(42):9416-9422.
[9] Jia X E,Chen Z M,Duan C H,et al.Polythiophene derivatives compatible with both fullerene and non-fullerene acceptors for polymer solar cells[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry C,2019,7(2):314-323.
[10] Zhang M J,Guo X,Ma W,et al.A polythiophene derivative with superior properties for practical application in polymer solar cells[J].Advanced Materials,2014,26(33):5880-5885.
[11] Zhang H,Li S S,Xu B W,et al.Fullerene-free polymer solar cell based on a polythiophene derivative with an unpreceden-ted energy loss of less than 0.5 eV[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2016,4(46):18043-18049.
[12] Xiao J Y,Jia X E,Duan C H,et al.Surpassing 13% efficiency for polythiophene organic solar cells processed from nonhalogenated solvent[J].Advanced Materials,2021,33(25):2008158.
[13] Yuan X Y,Zhao Y L,Xie D L,et al.Achieving 16% efficiency for polythiophene organic solar cells with a cyano-substituted polythiophene[J].Advanced Functional Materials,2022,32(24):2201142.
[14] Yuan X Y,Zhao Y L,Xie D S,et al.Polythiophenes for orga-nic solar cells with efficiency surpassing 17%[J].Joule,2022,6(3):647-661.
[15] Zhang Y,Yao H F,Zhang S Q,et al.Fluorination vs.chlorination:a case study on high performance organic photovoltaic materials[J].Science China Chemistry,2018,61:1328-1337.
[16] Wang Q,Li M M,Zhang X W,et al.Carboxylate-substituted polythiophenes for efficient fullerene-free polymer solar cells:the effect of chlorination on their properties[J].Macromolecules,2019,52(12):4464-4474.
[17] Zhang Y,Liang Z Q,He J T,et al.Morphology manipulation for highly miscible photovoltaic blend of carboxylate-substituted polythiophene:Y6[J].Dyes and Pigments,2022,202:110269.
[18] He J T,Liang Z Q,Lin L L,et al.Polythiophenes with alkylthiophene side chains for efficient polymer solar cells[J].Polymer,2023,274:125890.
[19] Wang T,Qin C Y,Xiao Z,et al.A 2.16 eV bandgap polymer donor gives 16% power conversion efficiency[J].Science Bull,2020,65(3):179-181.
[20] Li S S,Ye L,Zhao W C,et al.A wide band gap polymer with a deep highest occupied molecular orbital level enables 14.2% efficiency in polymer solar cells[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2018,140(23):7159-7167.
[21] Zhang B,Yu Y G,Zhou J D,et al.3,4-dicyanothiophene—a versatile building block for efficient nonfullerene polymer solar cells[J].Advanced Energy Materials,2020,10(12):1904247.
[22] Firdaus Y,Maffei L P,Cruciani F,et al.Polymer main-chain substitution effects on the efficiency of nonfullerene BHJ solar cells[J].Advanced Energy Materials,2017,7(21):1700834.
[23] Chen H,Hu Z M,Wang H,et al.A chlorinated π-conjugated polymer donor for efficient organic solar cells[J].Joule,2018,2(8):1623-1634.
[24] Jeon S J,Han Y W,Moon D K.Chlorine effects of heterocyclic ring-based donor polymer for low-cost and high-performance nonfullerene polymer solar cells[J].Solar RRL,2019,3(7):1900094.
[25] He K Q,Kumar P,Abd-Ellah M,et al.Alkyloxime side chain enabled polythiophene donors for efficient organic solar cells[J].Macromolecules,2020,53(20):8796-8808.
[26] Yuan X Y,Zhao Y L,Zhan T,et al.A donor polymer based on 3-cyanothiophene with superior batch-to-batch reproducibility for high-efficiency organic solar cells[J].Energy & Environmental Science,2021,14(10):5530-5540.
[27] An Y,Liao X,Chen L,et al.Nonhalogen solvent-processed asymmetric wide-bandgap polymers for nonfullerene organic solar cells with over 10% efficiency[J].Advanced Functional Materials,2018,28:1706517.
[28] Huang S,Gu W,Chen L,et al.Asymmetric wide-bandgap po-lymers simultaneously improve the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current for organic photovoltaics[J].Macromolecular Rapid Communications,2019,40(8):1800906.
[29] Yao H,Cui Y,Qian D,et al.14.7% efficiency organic photovoltaic cells enabled by active materials with a large electrostatic potential difference[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2019,141(19):7743-7750.
[30] Sun H,Liu T,Yu J,et al.A monothiophene unit incorporating both fluoro and ester substitution enabling high-performance donor polymers for non-fullerene solar cells with 16.4% efficiency[J].Energy & Environmental Science,2019,12:3328.
[31] Lu H,Li D W,Ran G L,et al.Designing high-performance wide bandgap polymer donors by the synergistic effect of introducing carboxylate and fluoro substituents[J].ACS Energy Letters,2022,7(11):3927-3935.
[32] Tang J,Liao C T,Duan Y W,et al.Wide band-gap polymer donors functionalized with unconventional carbamate side chains for polymer solar cells[J].Angewandte Chemie,2022,134(50):202213252.
基金资助
山东省自然科学基金(ZR2023MB145);青岛市自然科学基金(23-2-1-242-zyyd-jch)
PDF
(1131KB)
