以六水合硝酸锌、六水合硝酸钴为原料,2-甲基咪唑为模板剂,采用金属有机骨架(MOFs)热解法,制备富含氧空位的ZnO/ZnCo₂O₄异质结复合材料用于乙醇气体检测。结果表明:当2-甲基咪唑锌盐(ZIF-8)和六水合硝酸钴质量比为2∶3时,获得的ZnO/ZnCo₂O₄复合材料在工作温度为240℃下,对50mg/L乙醇的响应值达到87,是ZnO响应值(9.6)的9倍,同时对乙醇气体表现出优异的选择性,且重复性和稳定性良好。这种优异气敏性能的实现,主要源于异质结结构的构建及氧空位浓度的有效调控。有望为新型功能陶瓷材料的开发及其在气敏领域的应用提供新的思路。

A ZnO/ZnCo₂O₄ heterojunction composite rich in oxygen vacancies was synthesized for ethanol gas detection via a metal-organic framework (MOF) pyrolysis method using zinc nitrate hexahydrate and cobalt nitrate hexahydrate as raw materials,and 2-methylimidazole as structural templates.The results demonstrated that when the mass ratio of zinc 2-methylimidazole (ZIF-8) to cobalt nitrate hexahydrate was 2∶3,the obtained ZnO/ZnCo₂O₄ composite achieved a response value of 87 toward 50mg/L ethanol at an operating temperature of 240℃,which was nine times higher than that of pure ZnO (9.6).Moreover,the composite exhibited excellent selectivity toward ethanol gas,along with remarkable reproducibility and stability.The enhanced gas-sensing performance originated from the successful construction of heterojunction structure and the effective modulation of oxygen vacancy concentration.This study provides a novel strategy for developing advanced functional ceramic materials and expanding their applications in gas sensing technologies.