在能源危机与环境恶化的大背景下,开发轻量化材料成为能源领域研究的重点。将碳纤维复合材料同时作为结构材料和电极材料一体成型,在轻量化的同时也节省空间,有望满足现代装备对高效储能与轻量化结构的双重需求。从结构、储能及结构-储能一体化三角度出发,对目前碳纤维复合材料的研究现状进行了综述,重点阐述了原位生长、化学气相沉积等改性方法,总结了改性方法对力学性能及电化学性能的影响行为与机制,归纳了各自优缺点,并展望了结构-储能一体化面临的挑战及发展趋势。

Under the backdrop of energy crisis and environmental deterioration,the development of lightweight materials has become a key focus in energy field.Integrating carbon fiber composites as both structural and electrode materials in a single process not only achieves lightweight but also saves space,which is expected to meet the dual demands of modern equipment for efficient energy storage and lightweight structures.This paper reviewed the current research status of carbon fiber composites from three perspectives:structure,energy storage,and structure-energy storage integration.It focused on in-situ growth,chemical vapor deposition and other modification methods,summarized the influence behaviors and mechanisms of these modification methods on mechanical and electrochemical properties,and concluded their respective advantages and disadvantages.It also looked forward to the challenges and development trends of structure-energy storage integration.