合成了折叠、二维平面和三维空间三种不同结构的石墨烯基聚吡咯(PPy)复合材料,采用扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱、X射线光电子能谱和电化学测试分析其形貌、结构和电容性能。结果表明,具有三维空间结构的 PPy/还原氧化石墨烯复合材料(PPy/3D-rGO)在电容性能上具有明显优势,在5mV/s下比电容为345F/g,2A/g下能量密度为95.7Wh/kg,分别比纯PPy提高了133%和132%,说明rGO与PPy之间的强π-π共轭作用有效增强了电容性能,三维结构的rGO载体与高孔隙率的PPy为电解质离子在高电流密度下的传输提供了有效的空间通道和孔隙结构。该PPy/3D-rGO复合材料电极在2A/g下循环充放电1000次后,能量密度保持率为93%,具有良好的循环稳定性。

Three types of graphene-based polypyrrole (PPy) composites with folded,two-dimensional,and three-dimensional structures were synthesized.Their morphology,structure,and capacitive properties were characterized using scanning electron microscopy,Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and electrochemical tests.The results showed that the PPy/reduced graphene oxide (PPy/3D-rGO) composite with a three-dimensional spatial structure exhibited superior capacitive performance,with a specific capacitance of 345F·g^-1 at 5mV/s and an energy density of 95.7Wh·kg^-1 at 2A·g^-1—enhancements of 133% and 132%,respectively,over pure PPy.This enhancement arose from the strong π-π conjugation between rGO and PPy,while the 3D rGO framework and highly porous PPy provided efficient ion-transport pathways.Additionally,PPy/3D-rGO maintained 93% of its initial energy density after 1000 charge/discharge cycles at 2A·g^-1,demonstrating excellent cycling stability.