四氯化硅、三氯化硼低温氨解合成聚硼硅氮烷(PBSZ)前驱体,以反应副产物NH₄Cl为原位致孔剂,PBSZ前驱体分段热解得到多孔SiBN材料。通过FT-IR、XPS、XRD、BET和SEM等对该材料进行系统表征,结果表明,800℃热解材料具有最优孔隙结构,BET比表面积为447.75m²/g,平均孔径为5.16nm,并且无定型材料表面富含 —OH、Si—N^-和B—N^-活性位点。该材料对亚甲基蓝(MB)、罗丹明B(RhB)和刚果红(CR)均表现出快速吸附特性,其中MB最大吸附量达1324.5mg/g。吸附过程符合伪二级动力学模型和Langmuir单层吸附模型,表明吸附是化学键合与均质活性位点协同作用的结果。研究表明,多孔SiBN材料兼具吸附高吸附效率、高容量及结构稳定,在染料废水处理中具有显著的应用潜力。

The polyborosilazane (PBSZ) precursor was synthesized by low-temperature ammonolysis of silicon tetrachloride and boron trichloride,and using by-product ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl)as an in-situ pore-forming agent,porous SiBN materials were obtained by stepwise pyrolysis of PBSZ precursor.The materials were systematically characterized using FT-IR,XPS,XRD,BET,and SEM.The results revealed that the material obtained at 800℃ exhibited optimal pore structure,with a BET specific surface area of 447.75m²/g and an average pore size of 5.16nm,and the surface of the amorphous SiBN network was rich in —OH,Si—N^- and B—N^- active sites.This material exhibited rapid adsorption properties for methylene blue (MB),rhodamine B (RhB),and Congo red (CR),with the maximum adsorption capacity of MB reaching 1324.5mg/g.The adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir monolayer adsorption model,suggesting a synergistic effect involving chemical bonding and homogeneous active sites.The porous SiBN material demonstrated high adsorption efficiency,large capacity and excellent structural stability,highlighting significant application potential in dye wastewater treatment.