针对静电纺丝条件对丝素蛋白(SF)纤维直径分布影响机理不明确的问题,通过单因素实验设计探究了静电纺丝参数(溶液浓度、流速、电压、纺丝距离)对SF纤维直径分布的影响规律。结果表明:纤维直径与溶液浓度和流速分别呈指数[y=52.68×(1.17)^x,决定系数R²=0.9985]与幂函数[y=66.48×(1+x)^9.67,R²=0.9991]正相关,而与电压呈指数负相关[y=81.43+7617.08×e^(-x/3.25),R²=0.9896]关系。此外,纺丝距离变化对纤维直径影响较小。进一步通过力学作用机理分析发现,溶液黏度主导的粘性阻力是纤维直径增大的核心因素,而高电压则通过增强电场力的拉伸作用显著细化纤维。

To address the unclear mechanisms underlying the effects of electrospinning conditions on the diameter distribution of silk fibroin (SF) fibers,this study systematically investigated the influence of electrospinning parameters (solution concentration,flow rate,voltage,and spinning distance) on SF fiber diameter distribution through a single-factor experimental design.The results demonstrated that the fiber diameter exhibited an exponential positive correlation with solution concentration [y=52.68×(1.17)^x,R²=0.9985] and a power-law dependence on flow rate (y=66.48×(1+x)^9.67,R²=0.9991),while showing an exponential decay with increasing voltage (y=81.43+7617.08×e^(-x/3.25),R²=0.9896).Notably,variations in spinning distance had minimal impact on diameter.Further mechanical mechanism analysis revealed that viscous resistance dominated by solution viscosity served as the primary factor driving fiber thickening,whereas elevated voltage significantly refined fiber diameters by enhancing electric field stretching effects.