环氧树脂作为重要的热固性高分子材料,因综合性能优异得到广泛应用。然而,传统双酚A型环氧树脂依赖化石原料,存在环境风险以及脆性和易燃性等问题,促使开发生物基替代品成为研究热点。在众多生物质原料中,丁香酚因独特的分子结构(同时含有酚羟基和烯丙基)和可再生特性,成为最具潜力的双酚A替代反应底物之一。综述了基于丁香酚的生物基环氧树脂研究进展,聚焦于以羟基为环氧位点的多官能度丁香酚环氧树脂的制备和以烯丙基为环氧位点的多官能度丁香酚环氧树脂的制备。研究表明,通过合理的分子设计,丁香酚基环氧树脂在保持良好热稳定性的同时,其阻燃性(可达UL-94 V-0级)和断裂韧性得到显著提升,展现出替代石油基环氧树脂的潜力。最后分析了该材料规模化生产面临的挑战,包括原料提纯成本控制和固化工艺优化等问题,并展望了其未来的研究方向。

Epoxy resins are significant thermosetting polymers widely used across various industries for their excellent properties.However,traditional bisphenol A type epoxy resins (DGEBA) face issues such as dependence on fossil raw materials,environmental risks,brittleness,and flammability.This has spurred interest in developing bio-based alternatives.Among numerous biomass sources,eugenol stands out due to its unique molecular structure (with both phenolic hydroxyl and allyl groups) and renewable nature,making it a promising alternative to bisphenol A.This article systematically reviewed the advances in bio-based epoxy resins derived from eugenol,emphasizing the preparations of multifunctional eugenol epoxy resins with either hydroxyl or allyl groups as epoxy sites.Research indicated that through effective molecular design,eugenol-based epoxy resins could achieve good thermal stability while significantly enhancing flame retardancy (reaching UL-94 V-0 rating) and fracture toughness,demonstrating strong potential to replace petroleum-based epoxy resins.Finally,the article analyzed challenges faced in large-scale production such as raw material purification cost control and curing process optimization while discussing future research directions.