电鳗发电器官的高效能量输出不仅源于其细胞间精密的层状结构,更依赖于发电细胞中高度定向的离子通道网络所构建的低阻抗离子传输路径。受此启发,通过光和热协同固化构建了基于单壁碳纳米管/石墨烯-聚丙烯酰胺(SWCNT/Gr-PAAm)双网络复合增强型水凝胶基仿生发电体系。基于碳基材料(SWCNT/Gr)的协同作用来优化水凝胶导电网络,并通过对Ca2+离子梯度调控增强了离子迁移效率,所制备的三层堆叠仿生水凝胶发电机可稳定输出0.8V电压及400μA电流。通过对仿生结构优化设计,开发出3种发电器件:柔性流体管状式、光响应自修复桥式及织物复合式器件。进一步采用3D打印模具实现24个发电单元串联集成,输出14V高电压并驱动商用湿度计与LED灯带。结果表明:碳基材料仿生网络与离子梯度协同作用可显著提升水凝胶发电性能,为柔性可穿戴能源器件的结构-性能协同设计提供新策略。
The efficient energy output of the electric eel's power generating organ not only originates from the sophisticated inter-cellular laminar structure,but also relies on the low-impedance ion transport pathways constructed by the highly oriented ion channel network in the power generating cells.Inspired by this,a biomimetic power generation system based on single-walled carbon nanotubes/graphene-polyacrylamide (SWCNT/Gr-PAAm) dual-network composite-enhanced hydrogel was constructed by photo- and thermo-synergistic curing.Based on the synergistic effect of carbon-based materials (SWCNT/Gr),the conductive network of hydrogel was optimized,and the ion migration efficiency was enhanced by regulating the Ca2+ ion gradient.The resulting triple-stacked bionic hydrogel generator could stably output 0.8V voltage and 400μA current.By optimizing the design of the bionic structure,three kinds of power generation devices were developed:flexible fluid tubular,light-responsive self-healing bridge and fabric composite devices.Further,24 power generation units were integrated in series using 3D printed molds,outputting a high voltage of 14V and successfully driving a commercial hygrometer and a LED strip.The results showed that the synergistic effect between carbon-based material biomimetic network and ionic gradient could significantly enhance the power generation performance of hydrogels,providing a new strategy for structure-performance synergistic design of flexible wearable energy devices.
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