锂硫(Li-S)电池因其高理论能量密度和低成本优势,被视为下一代储能体系的重要候选。然而,活性物质硫(S)的绝缘特性及多硫化物的穿梭效应严重制约Li-S电池的电化学性能。为此,将气相生长碳纤维(VGCF)作为S载体与导电添加剂协同构筑Li-S电池复合正极,应用于扣式电池(Li/LE/S-VGCF电池)的制备。与基于纯S正极和传统导电剂超导炭黑(super P)的参比体系(Li/LE/S电池)进行对比研究。微观结构表征表明:VGCF通过纤维网络锚定S颗粒并形成三维连续导电框架,有效促进电子/离子传输,同时通过空间限域效应抑制多硫化物扩散。电化学性能测试显示:Li/LE/S-VGCF电池在0.1C电流下的首次放电比容量达650.96mAh/g,较参比电池(490.26mAh/g)提升32.8%。电化学阻抗谱分析表明:S-VGCF体系的电荷转移阻抗明显低于Li/LE/S电池,进一步证实了其电荷传输动力学优势。综上,VGCF的双重应用策略能为高能量密度Li-S电池的开发提供新的思路。
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are regarded as promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems due to their high theoretical energy density and low-cost advantages.However,the insulating nature of active material sulfur (S) and the polysulfide shuttle effect significantly restrict the electrochemical performance of Li-S batteries.To address these challenges,vapor-grown carbon fiber (VGCF) was employed as sulfur carrier and synergistically combined with conductive additive to construct composite cathodes for Li-S batteries,which were subsequently assembled into coin-type cells (denoted as Li/LE/S-VGCF batteries).A comparative study was conducted with the reference system (Li/LE/S battery) based on a pure S cathode electrode and traditional superconductive agent carbon black (super P).Microstructural characterization revealed that VGCF anchored sulfur particles through a fibrous network while establishing a three-dimensional continuous conductive framework,effectively facilitating electron/ion transport and suppressing polysulfide diffusion via spatial confinement effects.Electrochemical performance tests demonstrated that the Li/LE/S-VGCF battery delivered an initial discharge specific capacity of 650.96mAh/g at 0.1C rate,representing a 32.8% enhancement compared to the reference battery's 490.26mAh/g.Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis indicated that the charge transfer resistance of the S-VGCF system was significantly lower than that of the Li/LE/S battery,further confirming its superior charge transfer kinetics.This dual-functional application strategy of VGCF provides new insights for developing high-energy-density Li-S batteries.
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基金资助
石油和化工行业动力电池安全与事故防控技术工程实验室开放课题项目(ELBSAC202303)
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