碳纤维复合材料的层间脱粘会显著削弱其结构的整体性能,因此,提升层间断裂韧性成为了当下研究的重点。采用静电纺丝技术,通过调控环境湿度实现了聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)纳米纤维膜微观形貌的可控制备,同时改变了纤维表面的润湿性及其与树脂的结合能力。将纤维膜作为插层引入层压板中,采用手糊-真空热压工艺制备PVDF纤维膜增强碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料层压板。结果表明:在30%相对湿度(RH)条件下制备的纤维表面光滑致密,与树脂的结合能力较差,导致界面强度较低,使层压板Ⅰ型层间断裂韧性(GIC)仅提升5.6%。随着湿度升高,GIC呈波动变化,先升高至60%RH后下降,随后再次上升,在90%RH时达到最大提升幅度,使GIC显著提高至0.901kJ/m2,较对照样提升81%,这一提升得益于纤维表面类似砂纸般的粗糙结构,促进了树脂与纤维的良好界面作用。并通过基于内聚力单元模型的有限元方法对层间断裂行为进行数值模拟,参数表明层压板的界面剪切强度得到了提高,进一步验证了纤维形貌对于Ⅰ型层间断裂韧性的影响机制。
Interlaminar delamination in carbon fiber composites significantly weakens their overall structural performance,making the enhancement of interlaminar fracture toughness a key focus of current research.In this study,polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofiber membranes were fabricated via electrospinning with controlled microstructures by adjusting the environmental humidity.This approach effectively modified the fiber surface wettability and its adhesion capability with the resin matrix.The PVDF fiber membranes were incorporated as an interleaving layer into laminates,and PVDF fiber membrane-reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite laminates were subsequently fabricated using a hand lay-up and vacuum hot-pressing process.The results indicated that PVDF fibers prepared at 30%RH exhibited a smooth and dense surface morphology,resulting in poor adhesion with the resin and lower interfacial strength.Consequently,the mode I interlaminar fracture toughness (GIC) of the laminate increased by only 5.6%.With increasing humidity,GIC showed a fluctuating trend,initially increasing up to 60% RH before decreasing,followed by a subsequent increase.The highest improvement was observed at 90% RH,where GIC reached 0.901kJ/m2,representing an 81% enhancement compared to the control.This improvement was attributed to the rough,sandpaper-like fiber surface morphology,which facilitated better adhesion between the fibers and the resin.Furthermore,numerical simulations of the interlaminar fracture behavior were conducted based on a cohesive zone model.The results indicated a significant increase in interfacial shear strength,further validating the influence of fiber morphology on the mode I interlaminar fracture toughness of CF/EP laminates.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金(12262007)
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