为了解决含Cd(Ⅱ)工业废水污染和煤矿开采过程中伴生的固体废弃物煤矸石的再利用问题,对固体废弃物煤矸石进行了回收研究。以新疆哈密三塘湖矿区的煤矸石为原料,采用碱熔-水热法,制备NaX分子筛。通过单因素实验优化制备条件,得到了具有完整正八面体结构的NaX分子筛。实验结果表明,在碱度比为1,硅铝比为3.5,水钠比为40,陈化时间为18h,晶化温度为90℃,晶化时间为6h的制备条件下,NaX分子筛具有高比表面积(39.216m2/g)和超亲水的性能。而且具有[SiO4]4-四面体和[AlO4]5-四面体可与Cd(Ⅱ)进行离子交换,在投料比为1,pH为7的条件下,NaX分子筛对Cd(Ⅱ)(200mg/L)的吸附在8h内即可达到吸附平衡,去除率可以达到90%以上。通过研究其吸附动力学和吸附热力学发现,NaX分子筛对Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附符合准二级动力学模型和Langmuir等温线模型,25℃时最大吸附容量为200.80mg/g。这为固体废弃物煤矸石的回收和资源化利用,以及含Cd(Ⅱ)工业废水的处理提供了一条新的途径。
To address the pollution caused by industrial wastewater containing Cd(Ⅱ) and the reuse of coal gangue—a solid waste byproduct of coal mining—research was conducted on the recovery of coal gangue.Using coal gangue from the Santanghu mining area in Hami,Xinjiang as raw material,NaX molecular sieves were prepared via the alkali fusion-hydrothermal method.Through single-factor experiments to optimize preparation conditions,NaX molecular sieves with complete octahedral structures were obtained.Experimental results indicated that under the following conditions—alkalinity ratio of 1,Si/Al ratio of 3.5,water/sodium ratio of 40,aging time of 18 hours,crystallization temperature of 90℃,and crystallization time of 6 hours—the NaX molecular sieves exhibited a high specific surface area (39.216m2/g) and superhydrophilic properties.Moreover,their [SiO4]4- tetrahedra and [AlO4]5- tetrahedra enabled ion exchange with Cd(Ⅱ).Under a loading ratio of 1 and pH of 7,NaX molecular sieves achieved adsorption equilibrium for Cd2+ (200 mg/L) within 8 hours,with a removal efficiency exceeding 90%.Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics studies revealed that NaX molecular sieve adsorption for Cd(Ⅱ) followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir isotherm model,with a maximum adsorption capacity of 200.80mg/g at 25℃.This provides a novel approach for the recovery and resource utilization of solid waste coal gangue,as well as the treatment of industrial wastewater containing Cd(Ⅱ).
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(22365029);新疆维吾尔自治区天山英才项目(2023TSYCCX0038);新疆维吾尔自治区杰出青年项目(2024D01E04);新疆维吾尔自治区区域协同创新专项项目(2022E01057)
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