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摘要
以蓖麻油(CO)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)等为主要原料,制备了蓖麻油基水性聚氨酯(CO-WPU)乳液。使用硅烷偶联剂KH550对纳米SiO2进行表面改性,将改性后的纳米SiO2以不同比例与CO-WPU乳液混合,得到纳米SiO2改性蓖麻油基水性聚氨酯涂膜,研究了改性纳米SiO2含量对CO-WPU乳液性能及涂膜性能的影响。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪和扫描电子显微镜对改性纳米SiO2的分子结构和微观形貌进行表征,通过热重分析仪测试了CO-WPU涂膜的耐热性能,采用万能试验机测试了CO-WPU涂膜的力学性能。结果表明:硅烷偶联剂KH550与纳米SiO2表面结合,改性纳米SiO2分散性能良好,无明显团聚现象;当改性纳米SiO2质量分数为2.0%时,制备的乳液外观呈乳白色、泛蓝光,稳定性好,满足至少6个月的储存周期,乳液黏度为173.91mPa·s;制备的涂膜综合性能好,涂膜外观光滑,表干时间为35min,铅笔硬度为4H,吸水率为8.67%,接触角为92.430°,拉伸强度为24.0MPa,断裂伸长率为378%,热稳定性良好。
Abstract
Castor oil-based waterborne polyurethane (CO-WPU) emulsions were prepared using castor oil (CO) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) as the main raw materials.The surface modification of nano-SiO2 was carried out using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550),and the modified nano-SiO2 was mixed with the prepared CO-WPU emulsions in different ratios to produce nano-SiO2-modified castor oil-based WPUs.The effects of modified nano-SiO2 content on the properties of CO-WPU emulsions and coating film properties were investigated.The molecular structure and micromorphological features of modified nano-SiO2 were characterised using Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The heat resistance of the CO-WPU coating film was tested by thermogravimetric analysis (TG),and the mechanical properties of the CO-WPU coating film were tested by a universal testing machine.The results showed that KH550 was successfully combined with the surface of nano-SiO2,and the modified nano-SiO2 had good dispersion performance without obvious agglomeration.When the modified nano-SiO2 was added at an amount of 2.0%,the prepared CO-WPU emulsion had a milky white and bluish appearance,with a good stability to meet the storage cycle of at least 6 months,and the viscosity of the emulsion was 173.91mPa·s.The resultant CO-WPU coating film had good overall performance,with a smooth film appearance,a surface drying time of 35min,a pencil hardness of 4H,a water absorption rate of 8.67%,contact angle of 92.430°,tensile strength of 24.0MPa,elongation at break of 378%,and good thermal stability.
关键词
水性聚氨酯
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蓖麻油
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纳米SiO2
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吸水率
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力学性能
Key words
waterborne polyurethane
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castor oil
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nano-SiO2
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water absorption
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mechanical properties
纳米SiO2改性蓖麻油基水性聚氨酯的制备及其性能研究[J].
化工新型材料, 2026, 54(3): 124-129 DOI:10.19817/j.cnki.issn1006-3536.2026.03.003
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基金资助
辽宁省教育厅项目(LJ212410153030,JYTMS20231574,LJ212410153049)
