太阳能驱动界面蒸发技术是一种新兴的太阳能利用技术,被广泛应用于海水淡化和污水净化,为解决淡水资源短缺问题提供了新思路。该技术具有绿色环保和低能耗等优点,应用前景广阔。三维(3D)光热蒸发器凭借独特的结构优势,不仅扩大了光吸收面积、提高了光吸收率,同时也提高了蒸发速率和蒸发效率。综述了近年来3D多孔材料(包括天然3D多孔材料和合成3D多孔材料)在光热蒸发领域应用中的研究进展,介绍了不同材料的优势及局限性,梳理了其蒸发机理和性能。最后,指出了目前光热蒸发实际应用中仍存在的问题,并展望了3D光热蒸发器未来的研究方向和应用前景。
Solar-driven interface evaporation technology is an emerging solar energy utilization technology widely used in seawater desalination and sewage purification,providing new ideas for solving the problem of freshwater resource shortage.This technology has the advantages of green environmental protection and low energy consumption,and has broad application prospects.The three-dimensional (3D) photothermal evaporator,with its unique structural advantages,not only expands the light absorption area and improves the light absorption rate,but also increases the evaporation rate and efficiency.This article reviewed the research progress of 3D porous materials (including natural 3D porous materials and synthetic 3D porous materials) in the field of photothermal evaporation in recent years,introduced the advantages and limitations of different materials,and clarified their evaporation mechanisms and properties.Finally,the existing problems in the practical application of photothermal evaporation were pointed out,and the future research directions and application prospects of 3D photothermal evaporators were discussed.
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基金资助
辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目青年项目(LJKQZ20222286);辽宁省自然科学基金联合基金项目(2024-MSLH-038)
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