玻璃纤维增强树脂基复合材料层合板因其良好的性价比在各行业得到广泛应用,采用该类层合板结构制造的航空发动机整流罩使用在较高温度环境中,承受着发动机排气段高温烘烤,为确定其在不同暴露温度下的性能变化情况,应用真空辅助模压工艺制备EW100/EA9396复合材料层合板,经-20℃冷冻8h后,分别在150℃、200℃和250℃环境中暴露3h后进行拉伸性能测试,利用扫描电镜对微观组织及断口进行分析。结果表明:随着暴露温度从150℃增加到250℃,复合材料试样的颜色由浅绿色逐渐变为淡黄色,同时能谱扫描显示环氧树脂基体中的C元素含量由1100cps逐渐降低至500cps,表明环氧树脂基体随温度升高氧化分解的程度逐步增加;层合板的拉伸强度随暴露温度的增加明显降低,拉伸断口形貌由较多的纤维拔出形态逐渐呈现为比较平齐的形貌;应用在航空器较高环境温度下的复合材料部件应选择更耐高温的复合材料,同时采取必要的降温散热以避免整流罩内部长时间处于高温环境中。
Glass fiber-reinforced resin composite laminates are widely used in various industries due to their excellent cost-effectiveness.The aircraft engine cowlings produced from such glass fiber-reinforced epoxy resin laminates are applied in the high-temperature environments,and subjected to thermal baking from the engine exhaust section.In order to determine the performance changes of the composite laminates at different exposure temperatures,EW100/EA9396 composite laminates were fabricated by the vacuum-assisted molding technology.The specimens were first frozen at -20℃ for 8h,then subjected to testing after being exposed to 150℃,200℃,and 250℃ environments for 3 hours,respectively.The scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze the microscopic structure and fracture surfaces.The results showed that as exposure temperature increased from 150℃ to 250℃,the color of the sample was gradually changed from light green to light yellow,and energy dispersive spectroscopy revealed that the content of C element in the epoxy resin matrix gradually decreased from 1100 cps to 500cps,which demonstrated that the degree of oxidation decomposition of the epoxy resin increased with the increase of temperature.The tensile strength of the laminate decreased significantly with the increase of exposure temperature,and the fracture morphology gradually changed from a more fiber pull-out morphology to a relatively flat.The composite components used in aircraft under high-temperature condition should employ materials with higher temperature resistance,and take the necessary cooling and heat dissipation measures to avoid the fairing prolonged exposure under high-temperature condition.
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基金资助
军队装备维修科学研究与改革科研课题项目(2023-1651);陆军航空兵学院院级科研课题项目(2024-73)
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