化工新型材料

化工新型材料 ›› 2026, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (1) : 234-240. DOI: 10.19817/j.cnki.issn1006-3536.2026.01.039

开发与应用

二氧化硅纳米纤维素PAM基混合凝胶对柔性锌空气电池性能的影响

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Effect of silica nanocellulose PAM-based hybrid gel on the performance of flexible zinc-air batteries

Liu Zhiqiang^1,2, Ma Jingling^1,2, Wei Weifeng^1,2, Yao Yifan^1,2, Wang Houyu^1,2

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Received		Published
2025-01-13		2026-01-20
Issue Date	Revised Date
2026-01-20	2025-01-13

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摘要

采用自由基聚合法制备了聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)、PAM-纤维素纳米纤维(PAM-CNF)、PAM-CNF-SiO₂凝胶,作为柔性锌空气电池的电解质。探究SiO₂和CNF添加对PAM基凝胶电解质表面形貌、吸液率、保水率以及离子电导率等性能的影响;并进一步将其组装成锌空气电池,分别对其进行功率密度、放电倍率、恒流放电、充放电循环等电化学性能测试。结果表明:与PAM和PAM-CNF凝胶电解质相比,PAM-CNF-SiO₂凝胶具备较高的吸液率(669%)、保水率(73%)和离子电导率(367mS/cm),组装成锌空气电池后功率密度为24.28mW/cm²、充放电循环时长可达61.35h、充放电循环效率为56.7%。在此基础上,通过在碱性电解液中引入KI获得的PAM-CNF-SiO₂-KI电池具备更低的充电电压(1.83V)、更高的循环效率(62.8%)、更高的功率密度(28.47mW/cm²)以及更久的充放电循环时长(69.14h)。使用SiO₂和KI作为PAM和CNF的增强剂,提供了一种制备高保水性凝胶电解质的通用方法,扩展了锌空气电池在可穿戴电子器件中的应用潜力。

Abstract

PAM,PAM-CNF,and PAM-CNF-SiO₂ gels were fabricated via free radical polymerization and employed as electrolytes for flexible zinc-air batteries.The influences of SiO₂ and cellulose nanofiber (CNF) addition on the surface morphology,liquid absorption rate,water retention rate,and ionic conductivity of PAM-based gel electrolytes were explored.Moreover,they were assembled into zinc-air batteries,and their electrochemical performances,such as power density,discharge rate,constant current discharge,and charge-discharge cycle,were respectively tested.The results indicated that,in comparison with PAM and PAM-CNF gel electrolytes,the PAM-CNF-SiO₂ gel possessed higher liquid absorption rate (669%),water retention rate (73%),and ionic conductivity (367mS/cm).Once assembled into zinc-air batteries,the power density was 24.28mW/cm²,the charge-discharge cycle duration could reach 61.35h,and the charge-discharge cycle efficiency was 56.7%.On this basis,the PAM-CNF-SiO₂-KI battery obtained by introducing KI into the alkaline electrolyte featured a lower charging voltage (1.83V),higher cycle efficiency (62.8%),higher power density (28.47mW/cm²),and longer charge-discharge cycle duration (69.14h).This research utilized SiO₂ and KI as enhancers for PAM and CNF,providing a general approach for preparing gel electrolytes with high water retention capacity,and expanding their application potential in wearable electronic devices.

关键词

二氧化硅 / 纤维素纳米纤维 / 锌空气电池 / 聚丙烯酰胺 / 凝胶电解质

Key words

silica / cellulose nanofiber / zinc-air battery / polyacrylamide / gel electrolyte

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二氧化硅纳米纤维素PAM基混合凝胶对柔性锌空气电池性能的影响[J]. 化工新型材料, 2026, 54(1): 234-240 DOI:10.19817/j.cnki.issn1006-3536.2026.01.039

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金(U1804146)

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