随着通信技术的快速发展与电子设备的广泛普及,电磁污染问题日益加剧,高效吸波材料逐渐成为研究热点。二维纳米材料凭借其独特的片层结构与物理化学性质在吸波复合材料领域表现出了极大的应用潜力与发展前景。主要介绍了电磁波的吸收机理,石墨烯、MXene、二硫化钼等二维纳米材料在电磁波吸收领域的研究进展,并对上述材料的制备与改性方法、吸波机制与特性进行了深入分析,最后展望了吸波材料的发展趋势。
With the rapid development of communication technology and the widespread popularity of electronic devices,the problem of electromagnetic pollution is becoming increasingly severe.High-efficiency microwave-absorbing materials are gradually becoming a research hotspot.Two-dimensional nanomaterials,with their unique flake structure and physicochemical properties,have shown great application potential and development prospects in the field of microwave-absorbing composites.This paper mainly introduced the absorption mechanism of electromagnetic waves,and reviewed the research progress of two-dimensional nanomaterials such as graphene,MXene,and molybdenum disulfide in the field of electromagnetic wave absorption.It also conducted an in-depth analysis of the preparation and modification methods,wave-absorbing mechanisms and characteristics of the above-mentioned materials.Finally,the development trends of microwave-absorbing materials were prospected.
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