以季戊四醇、磷酸及三聚氰胺为原料,水为分散剂合成了季戊四醇磷酸酯三聚氰胺盐(PPMS),将其复配到水性聚氨酯(WPU)中合成了PPMS/WPU复合阻燃涂料,将复合阻燃涂料涂覆在木材表面得到阻燃木材试件,通过扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪、热重分析仪等对PPMS的微观形貌、结构以及复合阻燃涂料的物理性能、热稳定性能、阻燃性能和残炭的变化进行表征和研究。结果表明:合成的PPMS热分解温度较高;与WPU基体相比,复合阻燃涂料的热稳定性和残炭率明显提升,失重1%的热分解温度由64.62℃提升到了218.83℃,UL-94由无阻燃等级提升至V-1级,极限氧指数由16.5%升至35%,且热释放速率、总热释放率和总烟释放量分别降低了70.59%、43.66%和81.14%,成炭性能更为显著,残炭物的R值(D峰和G峰的积分面积)由0.9925降至0.9921,热稳定性更高,涂料的阻燃性能明显提升。
Using pentaerythritol,phosphoric acid,and melamine as raw materials,pentaerythritol phosphate melamine salt (PPMS) was synthesized with water as a dispersant.Subsequently,it was compounded into water-based polyurethane (WPU) to prepare a flame-retardant composite coating,which was applied to wood surface to prepare flame-retardant wood specimens.The microstructure and morphology of PPMS,along with the physical properties,thermal stability,flame-retardant performance,and changes in residual carbon were analyzed and discussed.The results indicated that the prepared PPMS exhibited exhibits a higher thermal decomposition temperature.Compared to the WPU matrix,the thermal stability and residual carbon rate of the composite coating were significantly improved,with the thermal decomposition temperature T1wt% increasing from 64.62℃ to 218.83℃,UL-94 rating rising from non-flame-retardant to V-1 level,and LOI increasing from 16.5% to 35%.Additionally,HRR,THR and TSR amount were reduced by 70.59%,43.66%,and 81.14%,respectively,and the char formation performance was more pronounced,with the R value of the residual carbon decreasing from 0.9925 to 0.9921,indicating higher thermal stability and a significant enhancement in the flame-retardant performance of the coating.
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基金资助
云南省科技厅重大科技专项(202102AB080002)
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