以甲基乙烯基硅橡胶(VMQ)、甲基苯基硅橡胶(PVMQ)和氟硅橡胶(FVMQ)为生胶制备了防火硅橡胶,研究VMQ、PVMQ与FVMQ生胶侧基结构对防火硅橡胶阻燃性能的影响。结果表明:加入的防火填料体系相同时,PVMQ防火硅橡胶的防火性能最好。在厚度为1mm时,PVMQ防火硅橡胶经1050～1100℃的火焰烧蚀15min不烧穿,迎火面可以形成体积膨胀比为1.24的连续陶瓷防火层,垂直燃烧等级可以达到FV-0,而VMQ与FVMQ防火硅橡胶的垂直燃烧等级为FV-1,并且无法形成陶瓷防火层。PVMQ防火硅橡胶具有优异的高低温性能,-70℃的压缩耐寒系数大于0.4,在200℃的老化性能衰减＜30%,热分解温度高于VMQ与FVMQ防火硅橡胶。3种侧基结构中,PVMQ的侧基结构对硅橡胶的防火性能具有明显的提升作用。
Fireproof silicone rubber was prepared by using methyl vinyl silicone rubber (VMQ),methyl phenyl silicone rubber (PVMQ) and fluorosilicone rubber (FVMQ) as the raw rubbers,and the effects of the side groups of VMQ,PVMQ and FVMQ on the flame retardancy of fireproof silicone rubber were investigated.The results showed that PVMQ fireproof silicone rubber had the best fireproof performance when the fireproof filler system was the same.At a thickness of 1mm,the PVMQ fireproof silicone rubber withstood flame ablation of 1050～1100℃ for 15 minutes without burning through.On the fire-facing side,it formed a continuous ceramic fireproof layer with a volume expansion ratio of 1.24,the vertical combustion level reached FV-0,while the vertical combustion rating of VMQ and FVMQ fireproof silicone rubber only achieved FV-1,and the flame surface failed to form a ceramic fireproof protection layer in the same conditions.PVMQ fireproof silicone rubber had excellent high and low temperature performance,with a compression cold resistance coefficient greater than 0.4 at -70℃ and an aging performance decay less than 30% at 200℃.The thermal decomposition temperature was higher than that VMQ and FVMQ fireproof silicone rubbers.Among the three side group structures,the side groups of PVMQ significantly enhanced the fire resistance of silicone rubber.
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