新能源汽车和移动通讯的迅猛发展,亟需柔性高效低电压电热材料。采用真空抽滤法制备了晶须碳纳米管(w-CNTs)/多壁碳纳米管T3复合膜(记作w-CNTs/T3)和多壁碳纳米管T1/多壁碳纳米管T3复合膜(记作T1/T3),2种碳纳米管复合膜厚度均控制在100μm。通过扫描电子显微镜、激光拉曼光谱仪、X射线衍射仪、万能力学材料测试仪对2种复合膜的形貌、结构和力学性能进行了表征和测试,研究了w-CNTs对复合膜结构和性能,尤其是电热性能的影响。结果表明:w-CNTs/T3复合膜结构疏松多大孔,其力学性能低于T1/T3复合膜;w-CNTs的结构缺陷少,结晶度高,呈近乎完美的石墨烯结构;w-CNTs/T3复合膜的导电和电热性能优异,电导率为42.87S/cm,外加电压为6V时,其表面温度高达318℃,电磁屏蔽性能达到43.27dB,优于T1/T3复合膜。低长径比w-CNTs的引入既可以降低成本,又可以获得更加优异的导电、电热和电磁屏蔽性能,为制备低压高效的电热材料提供了实验和理论支持。
The rapid development of new energy vehicles and mobile communications requires flexible and efficient low-voltage electrothermal materials.Whisker carbon nanotubes (w-CNTs)/multi walled carbon nanotube T3 composite films (referred to as w-CNTs/T3) and multi walled carbon nanotube T1/T3 composite film (referred to as T1/T3) were prepared by vacuum filtration method,and the thickness of both composite films was controlled at 100μm.The morphology,structure,and mechanical properties of two types of composite films were characterized and tested using scanning electron microscopy,laser Raman spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,and universal mechanical material testing instrument.The influence of w-CNTs on the structure and properties of the composite films,especially their electrothermal properties,was studied.The results showed that the w-CNTs/T3 composite film had a loose and porous structure,and its mechanical properties were lower than those of the T1/T3 composite film.w-CNTs had few structural defects,high crystallinity,and exhibited an almost perfect graphene structure.The w-CNTs/T3 composite film had excellent conductivity and electrothermal properties,with a conductivity of 42.87S/cm.When subjected to an applied voltage of 6V,its surface temperature could reach up to 318℃,and its electromagnetic shielding performance reached 43.27dB,which was superior to that of the T1/T3 composite film.The introduction of low aspect ratio w-CNTs could not only reduce costs,but also achieve better conductivity,electrothermal and electromagnetic shielding properties,providing experimental and theoretical support for the preparation of low-voltage and high-efficiency electrothermal materials.
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基金资助
辽宁省自然科学基金(20180550053)
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