随着科学技术的发展,电磁屏蔽与吸波材料在可穿戴、医疗和国防等领域的应用越来越广泛。碳基材料具有轻质、比表面积大、介电损耗强、导电性高等优点,已逐渐成为电磁波领域的研究热点。简述了电磁屏蔽和吸波材料的机理,从组成成分、合成方法、微观结构三方面总结了近年来国内外电磁屏蔽与吸波材料的研究进展,指出了目前轻质碳基电磁屏蔽与吸波材料存在的问题,面临的挑战和未来的发展前景。
With the development of science and technology,electromagnetic shielding and absorbing materials are more and more widely used in wearable,medical and national defense fields.Carbon-based materials have gradually become a hot topic of research in electromagnetic wave field because of their lightweight,large specific surface area,strong dielectric loss,and high electrical conductivity.This article briefly described the mechanism of electromagnetic shielding and absorbing materials,and summarized the research progress of electromagnetic shielding and absorbing materials at home and abroad in recent years from three aspects:compositions,synthesis methods,and microstructures.Finally,the article pointed out the existing problems,challenges,and development prospects of current lightweight carbon-based electromagnetic shielding and absorbing materials.
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