电磁波通信技术的飞速发展极大地促进了信息的传输,与此同时带来的电磁波污染也日趋严重,研发轻质量、低密度、强吸收和宽频带的高性能吸波材料刻不容缓。传统吸波材料(铁氧体、钛酸钡、石墨等)的损耗机制单一、吸波能力不够强,开发具有优异吸波性能的新型复合材料已经成为必然之势。其中核壳型吸波材料因微观形貌和空间结构可调节而得到广泛研究。这种核壳结构不仅可以复合多种不同损耗机制的材料,还增加了大量的界面,提高了界面极化损耗,因而具有良好的电磁波吸收能力。从核壳的材料、性能和壳层结构等方向进行总结和概况,展望了核壳结构吸波材料未来的发展方向。
The rapid development of electromagnetic wave communication technology has greatly promoted the transmission of information,but at the same time the pollution of electromagnetic wave has become increasingly serious.It is urgent to develop high-performance absorbing materials with light weight,low density,strong absorption and wide band.Traditional wave-absorbing materials (ferrite,barium titanate,graphite,etc.) have a single loss mechanism and weak wave-absorbing ability,so it has become an inevitable trend to develop new composite materials with excellent wave-absorbing properties.Core-shell absorbing materials have been widely studied for their adjustable morphology and spatial structure.This kind of core-shell structure can not only compound a variety of materials with different loss mechanisms,but also increase a large number of interfaces and improve the interface polarization loss,so it has a good electromagnetic wave absorption ability.In this paper,the materials,properties and structure of core-shell were summarized and the future development direction of core-shell absorbing materials was prospected.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金(21371159)
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