硅基材料理论容量高、电位低、自然资源丰富,是最理想的锂离子电池负极材料。但是硅基负极在锂化和脱锂过程中巨大的体积变化,导致了硅基负极的循环稳定性与导电性差,阻碍了其实际应用。硅碳复合材料可将碳材料的高导电性和机械性能与硅基材料的高容量和低电位的优势相结合。综述了硅碳负极材料的主要制备方法,总结了硅碳复合材料的结构设计,并对未来碳硅材料的研究工作进行了展望。
Silicon-based materials have high theoretical capacity,low potential and abundant natural resources,and are the most ideal anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.However,the huge volume change of silicon-based anode during lithiation and delithiation processes leads to poor cycling stability and conductivity of silicon-based anode,which hinders its practical application.Silicon-carbon composites can combine the high conductivity and mechanical properties of carbon materials with the advantages of high capacity and low potential of silicon-based materials.The main preparation methods of silicon-carbon anode materials were reviewed,and the structural design of silicon-carbon composites was summarized.The future research directions of carbon-silicon materials were discussed.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金(41807235)
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