聚氨酯是一种重要的膜材料,其制备的膜具有良好的力学性能、渗透性和选择性,近几年在膜分离领域受到大量关注。现综述了用于分离领域的聚氨酯膜以及改性膜的研究情况和最新进展,简述不同软段材料聚氨酯的合成方法、结构特点和分离性能,并重点介绍了共混、填充和接枝这3种改性方法的反应原理、改性思路及其对聚氨酯膜结构和分离性能的影响等。同时分析了不同软段材料和改性方法在膜分离中的优点和不足,并对聚氨酯膜的研究方向和未来应用潜力进行了展望。
Polyurethane is an important membrane material,and membranes prepared from it have excellent mechanical,permeability and selectivity,which has gained significant attention in membrane separation field in recent years.The research status and latest progress of polyurethane membrane and modified membranes used for separation field were reviewed.The sketch was given to synthesis method,structural characteristics and separation performance of different soft segment materials of polyurethane.Furthermore,it focused on three modification methods:blending,filling,and grafting,discussing the reaction principles,modification strategies,and their impact on the structure and separation performance of polyurethane membranes.Meanwhile,the advantages and disadvantages of different soft segment materials and modification methods in membrane separation were analyzed.Besides,the research direction and further application potential of polyurethane membrane were discussed.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金(32172299和21503007)
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