纤维素碳气凝胶是一种新型多孔碳材料,具有比表面积高、亲油疏水、回弹性高、导电性优异等优点,在吸附、电化学、电磁屏蔽、传感器、催化剂载体、智能穿戴等领域具有广阔的应用前景。首先介绍了纤维素的性质及种类,阐述了纤维素碳气凝胶的制备流程如溶胶-凝胶、干燥成型、碳化、活化等工艺过程,总结了纤维素碳气凝胶的独特性质,介绍了现有的应用研究成果,最后提出了纤维素基碳气凝胶未来发展的挑战与趋势。
Cellulose carbon aerogels are a new type of porous carbon materials with the advantages of high specific surface area,lipophilic and hydrophobic,high resilience,and excellent electrical conductivity.Cellulose carbon aerogels have broad application prospects in the fields of adsorption,electrochemistry,electromagnetic shielding,sensors,catalyst carriers,and smart wearables.Firstly,the properties and types of cellulose were introduced,and the preparation process of cellulose carbon aerogels,such as sol-gel,drying molding,carbonization,activation,etc.,was described,and the unique properties of cellulose carbon aerogels were summarized.Based on the existing application research results,the challenges and trends for the future development of cellulose-based carbon aerogels were discussed.
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