为了提高聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)复合纳滤膜在染料废水处理中的通量及将染料和盐进行有效的分离,在共沉积与界面聚合组合法制备聚酰胺/聚多巴胺/聚偏二氟乙烯(PA/PDA/PVDF)复合纳滤膜的过程中,通过在多巴胺/聚乙烯亚胺(DA/PEI)共沉积液中添加纳米TiO2,对PVDF复合纳滤膜选择层的微观结构、亲水性、通量等进行调控。通过红外光谱、原子力显微镜、扫描电镜、水接触角及过滤实验对PVDF复合纳滤膜选择层的化学结构、微观结构、表面粗糙度、亲水性及过滤性能的表征,探讨了共沉积液中纳米TiO2含量对PVDF复合纳滤膜选择层结构与性能的影响。结果表明:随着纳米TiO2含量的增加,PVDF复合纳滤膜选择层厚度变薄、表面粗糙度增加,亲水性增强,纯水通量大幅度提高,截留率略有下降。对模拟活性黑5和NaCl(RB5&NaCl)染料废水的处理情况表明,纳米TiO2修饰后的PVDF复合纳滤膜染料溶液通量有大幅度提升,染料截留率略有下降,染料和盐的截留率的比值明显上升。运行稳定性研究表明纳米TiO2质量含量在0.006%以下时,PVDF复合纳滤膜在模拟RB5&NaCl染料废水处理中能良好地稳定运行。
In order to improve the flux of PVDF composite nanofiltration membrane in the treatment of dye wastewater and effectively separate dyes and salts,the PA/PDA/PVDF composite nanofiltration membranes were prepared by the method of co-deposition and interfacial polymerization.The DA/PEI co-deposition solution was added with nano-TiO2 to control the microstructure,hydrophilicity,flux,etc.of the selective layers of the PVDF composite nanofiltration membranes.Through FT-IR,AFM,SEM,water contact angle and filtration experiments,the chemical structure,microstructure,surface roughness,hydrophilicity and filtration performance of the selective layers of PVDF composite nanofiltration membranes were characterized,and the quality of nano-TiO2 in the co-deposition solution was discussed.The effect of fraction on the above-mentioned structure and performance of the selective layers of PVDF composite nanofiltration membranes were investigated.The research results showed that,with the increase of the mass fraction of nano-TiO2,the thickness of the selective layers of the PVDF composite nanofiltration membranes became thinner,the surface roughness and hydrophilicity increased,and the pure water flux rose up greatly,while the rejection rate decreased slightly.The treatment of simulated RB5&NaCl dye wastewater demonstrated that the dye solution flux of PVDF composite nanofiltration membranes modified by nano-TiO2 had a significant increase,but the dye rejection rate decreased slightly.Meanwhile,the rejection rate of dye and salt grew significantly.Operational stability studies indicated that,when the mass fraction of nano-TiO2 was below 0.006% wt,the PVDF composite nanofiltration membrane run well and stably in the simulated RB5&NaCl dye wastewater treatment.
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