以农业生产废弃物玉米秸秆制取纤维素和矿业开采废弃物风化煤提取腐植酸(HA)为原材料,采用水溶液聚合法合成玉米秸秆-腐植酸基吸水树脂(CO-HA-PAA),以期提高树脂吸水率、耐盐性能和耐酸碱性能,同时实现废弃物资源化综合利用。通过正交试验和单因素实验得到吸水树脂的最佳制备条件为秸秆用量0.5g、腐植酸用量1g、75%中和度的AA用量11g、AM用量5g、MBA用量0.02g、KPS用量0.3g、合成温度95℃,最佳制备条件下CO-HA-PAA的吸水率最高可达779.36g/g,其耐酸碱性、保水性和重复吸水性能较优。红外光谱分析表明CO-HA-PAA秸秆和腐植酸接枝共聚成功;扫描电镜分析表明CO-HA-PAA表面粗糙,孔洞明显,褶皱较多,有利于树脂吸水和保水性能提高;热重分析表明CO-HA-PAA的热稳定性良好。
Agricultural production waste corn stalk was used to produce cellulose (CO) and mining waste weathered coal was taken to extract humic acid (HA).Then,using CO,HA and resin as raw materials,a corn stalk-humic acid-based water-absorbent resin (CO-HA-PAA) was further synthesized by aqueous solution polymerization method in order to improve the water absorption,salt resistance and acid and alkali resistance of the resin as well as realize the comprehensive utilization of waste resources.Through orthogonal experiment and single factor experiment,the optimal preparation condition of water-absorbent resin was obtained as follows:straw dosage of 0.5g,humic acid dosage of 1g,AA with 75% neutralization degree dosage of 11g,AM dosage of 5g,MBA dosage of 0.02g,KPS dosage of 0.3g,and synthesis temperature of 95℃.In this condition,the water absorption rate of CO-HA-PAA reached to 779.36g/g,and its acid and alkali resistance,water retention as well as repeated water absorption performance were better.Infrared spectral analysis showed that the graft copolymerization of CO-HA-PAA straw and humic acid was successful.Scanning electron microscope analysis revealed that the surface of CO-HA-PAA was rough,with obvious holes and many wrinkles,which was beneficial to the improvement of the water absorption and water retention properties of the resin.Thermogravimetric analysis exhibited that the CO-HA-PAA possessed excellent thermal stability.
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基金资助
陕西省科技厅重点研发计划项目(2021GY-116)
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