选用十二水合磷酸氢二钠(Na₂HPO₄·12H₂O)、五水偏硅酸钠(Na₂SiO₃·5H₂O)、十水碳酸钠(Na₂CO₃·10H₂O)、十水硫酸钠(Na₂SO₄·10H₂O)以及五水硫代硫酸钠(Na₂S₂O₃·5H₂O)做为储热剂混合制备出3种类型的三元相变储能材料。分别以硼砂(Na₂B₄O₇·10H₂O)、纳米碳酸钙(CaCO₃)作为成核剂,通过步冷曲线、差示量热(DSC)、扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)等多种测试手段,研究了2种成核剂对三元相变材料的影响。结果表明:用十二水磷酸氢二钠、十水碳酸钠、五水偏硅酸钠制备的三元相变材料性能最优;纳米CaCO₃优于硼砂,当其掺入量为9％时,三元相变材料的过冷度从2.5℃降至1.8℃,相变焓由132.6J/g提高至167.5J/g,且无相分离,满足北方地区室内人体舒适温度的要求。

Disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate (Na₂HPO₄·12H₂O),sodium metasilicate pentahydrate (Na₂SiO₃·5H₂O),sodium carbonate decahydrate (Na₂CO₃·10H₂O),sodium sulphate dodecahydrate (Na₂SO₄·10H₂O) and sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate (Na₂S₂O₃·5H₂O) were used as heat storage agents to synthesize three types of ternary phase change energy storage materials.Using salt hydrate (Na₂B₄O₇·10H₂O) and nano calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) as nucleating agents respectively,through the cooling curve,DSC,SEM,IR,XRD and other test methods,the effects of two kinds of nucleating agents on the properties of ternary phase change materials (PCMs) were investigated.The research results showed that the ternary PCM prepared from Na₂HPO₄·12H₂O,Na₂CO₃·10H₂O and Na₂S₂O₃·5H₂O had optimal properties.In addition,the effect modified by nano CaCO₃ was superior to borax.When the additive amount of Nano CaCO₃ was 9%,the supercooling degree of ternary PCM decreased from 2.5℃ to 1.8℃,the phase transition enthalpy increased from 132.6J/g to 167.5J/g,and there was not phase separation occurred,which met the requirements of the indoor temperature comfort for humans in the northern region of China.