对碳/玻混杂纤维、纯碳纤和纯玻纤三种纤维增强复合材料进行静载拉伸实验,获取三种材料的力学性能参数,发现混杂纤维复合材料的拉伸强度高于两种单一纤维复合材料,其断裂伸长率比纯碳纤复合材料有明显提升。对失效试件断口进行观测,发现混杂纤维复合材料断口形貌更加杂乱,碳纤维束和树脂基体破坏严重,但玻璃纤维束的扭转变形得到改善。对混杂纤维复合材料拉伸试件表面应变场进行拍摄,发现在失效部位不同纤维交织处采集到的应变-时间变化规律不同,碳纤维束先发生脆断,玻璃纤维束在失效前应变增大的曲率相对平滑。基于实验研究,对碳/玻混杂纤维复合材料的损伤扩展过程进行模拟,分析了三个阶段中碳纤和玻纤的失效机理与协同作用。
Static tensile tests were carried out on carbon/glass hybrid fiber,pure carbon fiber and pure glass fiber reinforced composites to measure the mechanical properties of the three materials.The tensile strength of hybrid fiber composites was higher than that of two single fiber composites,and the elongation at break was significantly improved compared with that of pure carbon fiber composites.Through observation the fracture of the failure specimen,it was found that the fracture morphology of the hybrid fiber composite was more disorderly,and the carbon fiber bundle and the resin matrix were seriously damaged,but the torsional deformation of the glass fiber bundle was improved.The surface strain field of hybrid fiber composite tensile specimen was photographed,which revealed that the strain-time variations regularities collected at different fiber interweaving positions in the failure part were different.The brittle fracture happened to carbon fiber bundle first,and the curvature of the strain increase of the glass fiber bundle was relatively smooth before failure.Based on the experimental study,the damage propagation process of carbon/glass hybrid fiber composites was simulated,and the failure mechanism and synergistic effect of carbon fiber and glass fiber at different stages were analyzed.
[1] 肖守讷,江兰馨,蒋维,等.复合材料在轨道交通车辆中的应用与展望[J].交通运输工程学报,2021,21(1):154-176.
[2] 陈一哲,赵越,王辉.汽车领域纤维复合材料构件轻量化设计与工艺研究进展[J].材料工程,2020,48(12):36-43.
[3] Marom G,Fischer S,Tuler F R,et al.Hybrid effects in composites:conditions for positive or negative effects versus rule-of-mixtures behaviour[J].Journal of Materials Science,1978,13(7):1419-1426.
[4] 马腾.风电叶片用单向碳/玻层间混编复合材料的性能研究[D].上海:东华大学,2016.
[5] 罗维,程勇,包啸,等.二维编织-树脂传递模塑成型双马来酰亚胺复合材料管的弯曲及轴向压缩性能研究[J].化工新型材料,2021,49(3):256-260.
[6] 瓦尔特·卡维尔,斯蒂芬·V.洛莫夫.编织复合材料疲劳[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2019:133-134.
[7] 王伟,常新龙,张有宏,等.非对称铺层T700复合材料层合板铺层顺序优化[J].科学技术与工程,2021,21(8):3051-3056.
[8] 陈秋宇,赫玉欣,张丽,等.碳纤维/玻璃纤维混杂复合材料的力学性能研究[J].化工新型材料,2020,48(7):134-138.
[9] 赫玉欣,陈秋宇,张丽,等.单向连续纤维同心混杂增强环氧树脂复合材料性能研究[J].化工新型材料,2020,48(10):69-72,77.
[10] 王海雷,段跃新,王维维,等.玻璃纤维与碳纤维混杂复合材料的拉伸及低速冲击性能研究[J].复合材料科学与工程,2021(2):102-109.
[11] 李永华,温昕,王剑,等.复合材料地铁车车头外罩铺层优化设计[J].现代制造工程,2019(9):87-93,86.
[12] 曾帅,贾智源,侯博,等.碳纤维-玻璃纤维层内混杂单向增强环氧树脂复合材料拉伸性能[J].复合材料学报,2016,33(2):297-303.
[13] 中国建筑材料工业协会.GB/T 1446—2005纤维增强塑料性能试验方法总则[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2005:1-10.
[14] 中国建筑材料工业协会.GB/T 1447—2005纤维增强塑料拉伸性能试验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2005:1-5.
[15] 肖志斌,武丽丽,裘雄伟,等.数字图像相关法在复合材料研究中的应用进展[J].理化检验(物理分册),2021,57(5):39-45,49.
[16] 韩康宁,李小童,秦礽,等.三维五向碳纤维编织复合材料拉伸损伤演化行为研究[J].玻璃钢/复合材料,2019(7):21-27.
[17] 王付胜,欧阳俊杰,孔繁淇,等.基于DIC研究应力比对T700碳纤维复合材料疲劳性能的影响[J].复合材料科学与工程,2020(11):54-60.
[18] Goh G D,Dikshit V,Nagalingam A P,et al.Characterization of mechanical properties and fracture mode of additively manufactured carbon fiber and glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics[J].Materials & Design,2018,137:79-89.
[19] 张会丽,李风.碳纤维体积含量对碳玻混复合材料性能的影响[J].塑料,2020,49(5):38-41.
[20] 关晓方,贾智源.碳玻混编单向复合材料的性能分析[J].玻璃钢/复合材料,2017(7):10-15.
基金资助
国家科技重大专项项目(2018ZX04026-001-008);国家自然科学基金(52075232);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20201112)
PDF
