为提高剪切增稠胶(STG)的抗冲击与阻尼性能,以交联淀粉(CS)、STG为主要原料制备CS-STG。采用X射线能谱仪(EDS)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)、偏光显微镜(PM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和旋转流变仪分析考量了CS-STG的化学成分、微观结构、流变性能,探究了CS对STG流变性能的影响。结果表明,CS-STG样品表面C、O、Si元素均匀分布,含量与STG相近;加热过程中CS与STG反应生成Si—O—C键,极大地增强受力时应力传播的范围;交联反应能保护淀粉在制备CS-STG时不被高温破坏;CS与STG两相相容性较好,未发生微观相分离;CS-STG的剪切增稠效果及耗能能力均强于目前常用的CaCO3和SiO2无机颗粒,其中在STG中添加CS(质量分数为50%)的样品在大振荡模式下能量耗散为STG的1549%,剪切模量达到STG的2835%。
In order to improve the impact resistance and damping properties of shear thickening gel (STG),CS-STG was prepared with crosslinked starch (CS) and STG as the main raw materials.X-ray energy-dispersion spectroscopy (EDS),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS),polarizing microscope (PM),scanning electron microscope (SEM) and rotational rheometer were used to analyze the chemical composition,microstructure,rheological properties of CS-STG,explored the influence of CS on the rheological properties of STG.The results shown that the C,O,and Si elements on the surface of the CS-STG sample were evenly distributed,and the content was similar to that of STG.During the heating process,CS reacted with STG to form Si—O—C bonds,which greatly enhanced the range of stress propagation under force.The crosslinking reaction can protect starch from being damaged by high temperature during the preparation of CS-STG.CS and STG had good compatibility and no phase separation occurd.The shear thickening effect and energy consumption of CS-STG were stronger than the commonly used inorganic particles of CaCO3 and SiO2.Among them,the sample with CS (50% mass fraction) added to the STG dissipated the energy of STG 1549% in the large oscillation mode,the shear modulus reached 2835% of STG.
[1] Barnes H A.Shear-thickening (dilatancy) in suspensions of non-aggregating solid particles dispersed in Newtonian liquids[J].Journal of Rheology,1999,33(2):329.
[2] Gandhi M V,Thompson B D.Smart materials and structures[M].Berlin:Springer Science & Business Media,1992:1-7.
[3] 夏艳丽,俞科静,钱坤,等.新型抗冲击吸能材料STG的结构和性能分析[J].宇航材料工艺,2018,48(2):40-44.
[4] Zatsepina T I,Brodskii M L,Frolova Y A,et al.Rheological behaviour of polyheterosiloxanes[J].Polymer Science U.S.S.R,1970,12(11):2899-2905.
[5] 郭智臣.杜邦携手英国D30公司开发新型多用途塑料防护材料[J].化学推进剂与高分子材料,2016,4:68.
[6] 王云鹏.剪切变硬复合材料的力学行为研究[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2019.
[7] 蒋伟峰.剪切增稠材料的力学性能表征及机理研究[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2015.
[8] 辛帅,李刚,孙帮雄,等.硅橡胶填充体系的研究进展[J].有机硅材料,2016,30(6):488-494.
[9] 赵陈超,章基凯.硅橡胶及其应用[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2015:87-95.
[10] Wang Y,Wang M,Wang J,et al.A rapid,facile and practical fabrication of robust PDMS@starch coatings for oil-water separation[J].Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers,2019,99(6):215-223.
[11] Zhao J,Zou F,Cai Y,et al.o-Carboranyl silane modified cellulose nanopaper prepared via in-situ coupling reaction[J].Inorganic Chemistry Communications,2020,120:108-118.
[12] Martinez P I,Shanks R A,Adhikari B,et al.Thermoplastic starch-nanohybrid films with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2017,173:170-177.
[13] 曾瑶,江洋,俞科静,等.基于剪切增稠胶的阻尼材料动态力学性能研究[J].化工新型材料,2020,048(2):144-147.
[14] Carlos G F,Silvia G B,Ana Á G,etal.Electrorheological behaviour of a starch-oil system[J].Rheologica Acta,2014,53(8):655-661.
[15] Pvfl A,Lcfo B,Lsa B,et al.Preparation and characterization of C-phycocyanin coated with STMP/STPP cross-linked starches from different botanical sources[J].International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2020,159:739-750.
[16] 梁勇,张本山,杨连生,等.三偏磷酸钠高交联玉米淀粉非糊化特征研究[J].中国粮油学报,2003,18(6):62-65.
[17] 国家标准局信息分类编码研究所.GB/T 22427.11—2008,淀粉及其衍生物磷总含量测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009:1-8.
[18] 刘子杰,梁兴唐,钟书明,等.微波合成淀粉基水凝胶的Pb2+吸附性能[J].精细化工,2016(33):1135-1140.
[19] 蔡亮,蒋伟峰,张泰华.剪切增稠胶剪切条件下的粘弹性能及其力学性能改性[J].功能材料,2017(8):8181-8185.
[20] Wang X,Huang L,Zhang C,et al.Research advances in chemical modifications of starch for hydrophobicity and its applications:a review[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2020,240:116292.
[21] 扶雄,黄强.食用变性淀粉[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2016:63-69.
[22] Li M,Bi Z,Xie L,et al.From starch to carbon materials:insight into the cross-linking reaction and its influence on the carbonization process[J].ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering,2019,7(17):14796-14804.
[23] 蔡亮.剪切增稠胶力学性能及非线性弹簧研究[D].杭州:浙江工业大学.
[24] Tian T F,Li W H,Ding J,et al.Study of shear-stiffened elastomers[J].Smart Materials and Structures,2012,21(12):125009.
[25] 何曼君.高分子物理(第三版)[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,2007:210-239.
基金资助
国家自然科学基金(21674043);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0309200);中国博士后基金(2019M651711)
PDF
