电解水制氢具有可持续、高效率、无污染等优点,但该技术存在能耗过大、生产成本偏高等问题。其原因在于电解电极析氢过电位太高,造成能源消耗大,为了有效地降低能耗,研究新型析氢电极材料是解决电解水难题的关键所在。MXenes具有高比表面积、良好的亲水性、较低的析氢过电位和氢吸附吉布斯自由能,是一种理想的析氢阴极材料。系统地从MXene材料的制备、储存及其表面官能团结构改性等方面开展了探讨,结合析氢理论研究和实验研究,对MXene二维材料的电解析氢性能和析氢反应机理进行了阐述。最后,对MXene在析氢催化领域的发展前景作出展望,随着制备方法的多样化和技术手段的改进,MXene定会作为未来主要的析氢催化材料之一。
Water electrolysis is sustainable,high efficiency and pollution-free technology.However,the shortcomings of the technology are also significantly,such as high energy consumption and high production cost.The reason is that the hydrogen evolution overpotential of the current electrolysis electrode is too high,resulting in large energy consumption.In order to effectively reduce energy consumption,further investigation and development of novel hydrogen evolution electrode materials is critical.MXenes is two-dimensional nanomaterial with the high specific surface area,good hydrophilic property,low hydrogen evolution overpotential and hydrogen adsorption gibbs free energy,which is ideal candidate cathode material for hydrogen evolution.The preparation,storage,structure modification by surface functional group of MXene were systematically discussed.Combined with theoretical and experimental studies on hydrogen evolution,electrolysis hydrogen properties of MXene and the mechanism of hydrogen evolution reaction were described.Finally,the development prospect of MXene in the hydrogen evolution catalysis was illustrated.With the diversification of preparation methods and the improvement of technology,MXene will definitely be one of the main catalytic materials for hydrogen evolution in the future.
[1] 赵永志,蒙波,陈霖新,等.氢能源的利用现状分析[J].化工进展,2015,34(9):3248-3255.
[2] 张开悦,刘伟华,陈晖,等.碱性电解水析氢电极的研究进展[J].化工进展,2015,34(10):3680-3687.
[3] Yin X P,Wang H J,Tang S F,et al.Engineering the coordination environment of single-atom platinum anchored on graphdiyne for optimizing electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution[J].Angewandte Chemie International Edition,2018,57(30):9382-9386.
[4] Tian J,Liu Q,Cheng N,et al.Self-supported Cu3P nanowire arrays as an integrated high-performance three-dimensional cathode for generating hydrogen from water[J].Angewandte Chemie International Edition,2014,53(36):9577-9581.
[5] Wang B,Wu H,Yu L,et al.Template-free formation of uniform urchin-like α-FeOOH hollow spheres with superior capability for water treatment[J].Advanced Materials,2012,24(8):1111-1116.
[6] Han G Q,Liu Y R,Hu W H,et al.WS2 nanosheets based on liquid exfoliation as effective electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction[J].Materials Chemistry and Physics,2015,167:271-277.
[7] Nguyen-Ba K,Vargas-García J R,Manzo-Robledo A.Alternative synthesis of structurally defective MoS2 nanoflakes for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction[J].Materials Science and Engineering:B,2020,256:114539.
[8] 杨盼,石松,代斌,等.碳化钼纳米材料的制备及电催化析氢性能[J].石河子大学学报(自然科学版),2018,36(3):370-375.
[9] Frey Nathan C,Bandyopadhyay Arkamita,Kumarm Arun,et al.Surface-engineered MXenes:electric field control of magnetism and enhanced magnetic anisotropy[J].ACS Nano,2019,13(3):2831-2839.
[10] Soundiraraju B,George B K.Two-dimensional titanium nitride (Ti2N) MXene:synthesis,characterization,and potential application as surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate[J].ACS Nano,2017,11(9):8892-8900.
[11] 谢丹艳,张燕,陈江,等.二维过渡金属碳化物或碳氮化物在储能领域的应用进展[J].化工新型材料,2017,45(10):23-25,29.
[12] Xiong J,Pan L,Wang H,et al.Synergistically enhanced lithium storage performance based on titanium carbide nanosheets (MXene) backbone and SnO2 quantum dots[J].Electrochimica Acta,2018,268:503-511.
[13] Zhang J,Zhao Y,Guo X,et al.Single platinum atoms immobilized on an MXene as an efficient catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction[J].Nature Catalysis,2018,1(12):985-992.
[14] Yuan W,Cheng L,An Y,et al.MXene nanofibers as highly active catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction[J].ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering,2018,6(7):8976-8982.
[15] Khazaei M,Arai M,Sasaki T,et al.Novel electronic and magnetic properties of two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides[J].Advanced Functional Materials,2013,23(17):2185-2192.
[16] Naguib M,Kurtoglu M,Presser V,et al.Two-dimensional nanocrystals produced by exfoliation of Ti3AlC2[J].Advanced Materials,2011,23(37):4248-4253.
[17] Ghidiu M,Lukatskaya M R,Zhao M Q,et al.Conductive two-dimensional titanium carbide ‘clay’ with high volumetric capacitance[J].Nature,2014,516(7529):78-81.
[18] Halim J,Lukatskaya M R,Cook K M,et al.Transparent conductive two-dimensional titanium carbide epitaxial thin films[J].Chemistry of Materials,2014,26(7):2374-2381.
[19] Urbankowski P,Anasori B,Makaryan T,et al.Synthesis of two-dimensional titanium nitride Ti4N3 (MXene)[J].Nanoscale,2016,8(22):11385-11391.
[20] Barsoum M W.The MN+1AXN phases:a new class of solids;thermodynamically stable nanolaminates[J].Progress in Solid State Chemistry,2000,28:201-281.
[21] Anasori B,Lukatskaya M R,Gogotsi Y.2D metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) for energy storage[J].Nature Reviews Materials,2017,2(2):1-17.
[22] 姚送送,李诺,叶红齐,等.二维MXene材料的制备与电化学储能应用[J].化学进展,2018,30(7):932-946.
[23] Guo J,Peng Q,Fu H,et al.Heavy-metal adsorption behavior of two-dimensional alkalization-intercalated MXene by first-principles calculations[J].The Journal of Physical Chemistry C,2015,119(36):20923-20930.
[24] Li Tengfei,Yao Lulu,Liu Qinglei,et al.Fluorine-free synthesis of high-purity Ti3C2Tx(T=OH,O) via alkali treatment[J].Angewandte Chemie International Edition,2018,57(21):6115-6119.
[25] Xie X,Xue Y,Li L,et al.Surface Al leached Ti3AlC2 as a substitute for carbon for use as a catalyst support in a harsh corrosive electrochemical system[J].Nanoscale,2014,6(19):11035-11040.
[26] Mei J,Ayoko G A,Hu C,et al.Two-dimensional fluorine-free mesoporous Mo2C MXene via UV-induced selective etching of Mo2Ga2C for energy storage[J].Sustainable Materials and Technologies,2020,25:e00156.
[27] 耿欣,温广武,杨思宇,等.MXene(Ti3C2)的制备及其吸波性能[J].硅酸盐学报,2018,46(3):315-321.
[28] Mashtalir O,Naguib M,Mochalin V N,et al.Intercalation and delamination of layered carbides and carbonitrides[J].Nature Communications,2013,4(1):1716.
[29] Huang X,Wu P.A facile,high-yield,and freeze-and-thaw-assisted approach to fabricate MXene with plentiful wrinkles and its application in on-chip micro-supercapacitors[J].Advanced Functional Materials,2020,30(12):1910048.
[30] 郑伟,杨莉,张培根,等.二维材料MXene的储能性能与应用[J].材料导报,2018,32(15):2513-2537.
[31] Wu X,Wang Z,Yu M,et al.Stabilizing the MXenes by carbon nanoplating for developing hierarchical nanohybrids with efficient lithium storage and hydrogen evolution capability[J].Advanced Materials,2017,29(24):1607017.
[32] Zhao X,Vashisth A,Prehn E,et al.Antioxidants unlock shelf-stable Ti3C2Tx(MXene) nanosheet dispersions[J].Matter,2019,1(2):513-526.
[33] Seh Z W,Fredrickson K D,Anasori B,et al.Two-dimensional molybdenum carbide (MXene) as an efficient electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution[J].ACS Energy Letters,2016,1(3):589-594.
[34] 张绍政,刘佳,谢艳,等.二维M2xO2-2x(OH)2x(M=Ti,V;X=C,N)析氢催化活性的第一性原理研究[J].物理化学学报,2017,33(10):2022-2028.
[35] Ren J,Zong H,Sun Y,et al.2D organ-like molybdenum carbide (MXene) coupled with MoS2 nanoflowers enhances the catalytic activity in the hydrogen evolution reaction[J].CrystEngComm,2020,22(8):1395-1403.
[36] Ling C,Shi L,Ouyang Y,et al.Transition metal-promoted V2CO2 (MXenes):a new and highly active catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction[J].Advanced Science,2016,3(11):1600180.
[37] Zhang J,Zhao Y,Guo X,et al.Single platinum atoms immobilized on an MXene as an efficient catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction[J].Nature Catalysis,2018,1(12):985-992.
[38] Tran M H,Schäfer T,Shahraei A,et al.Adding a new member to the MXene family:synthesis,structure,and electrocatalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction of V4C3Tx[J].ACS Applied Energy Materials,2018,1(8):3908-3914.
[39] Liu J,Liu Y,Xu D,et al.Hierarchical “nanoroll” like MoS2/Ti3C2Tx hybrid with high electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity[J].Applied Catalysis B:Environmental,2019,241:89-94.
[40] Du C F,Sun X,Yu H,et al.Synergy of Nb doping and surface alloy enhanced on water-alkali electrocatalytic hydrogen generation performance in Ti-based MXene[J].Advanced Science,2019,6(11):1900116.
[41] Yu M,Wang Z,Liu J,et al.A hierarchically porous and hydrophilic 3D nickel-iron/MXene electrode for accelerating oxygen and hydrogen evolution at high current densities[J].Nano Energy,2019,63:103880.
[42] Wu X,Zhou S,Wang Z,et al.Engineering multifunctional collaborative catalytic interface enabling efficient hydrogen evolution in all pH range and seawater[J].Advanced Energy Materials,2019,9(34):1901333.
[43] Le T A,Bui Q V,Tran N Q,et al.Synergistic effects of nitrogen doping on MXene for enhancement of hydrogen evolution reaction[J].ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering,2019,7(19):16879-16888.
[44] Qu G,Zhou Y,Wu T,et al.Phosphorized MXene-phase molybdenum carbide as an earth-abundant hydrogen evolution electrocatalyst[J].ACS Applied Energy Materials,2018,1(12):7206-7212.
[45] Yoon Y,Tiwari A P,Choi M,et al.Precious-metal-free electrocatalysts for activation of hydrogen evolution with nonmetallic electron donor:chemical composition controllable phosphorous doped vanadium carbide MXene[J].Advanced Functional Materials,2019,29(30):1903443.
[46] Li S,Tuo P,Xie J,et al.Ultrathin MXene nanosheets with rich fluorine termination groups realizing efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution[J].Nano Energy,2018,47:512-518.
[47] Huang B,Zhou N,Chen X,et al.Insights into the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction mechanism on two-dimensional transition-metal carbonitrides (MXene)[J].Chemistry-A European Journal,2018,24(69):18479-18486.
[48] Wang Z,Yu K,Feng Y,et al.Stabilizing Ti3C2Tx-MXenes with TiOF2 nanospheres intercalation to improve hydrogen evolution reaction and humidity-sensing performance[J].Applied Surface Science,2019,496:143729.
基金资助
国家自然科学基金(51704221);武汉轻工大学杰出青年基金项目(2018J05)
PDF
