微纳米碳球具有比表面积大、流动性好、机械强度高等优点。为了扩展它的功能和应用领域,微纳米碳球被大量改性研究。微纳米碳球的改性方法包括元素掺杂和构建特殊形貌。元素引入方面包括非金属元素掺杂、金属元素掺杂、特殊官能团掺杂。碳球形貌有中空多孔结构和中空多层结构。其次,概述了微纳米碳球在各领域的最新应用,包括超级电容器、吸附物质、储存氢气、催化剂载体。最后指出了微纳米碳球改性时所面临的挑战和应用方向。
Micro-nano carbon spheres have the advantages of large specific surface area,good fluidity and high mechanical strength.In order to expand its functions and application fields,the carbon spheres have been extensively modified.The modification methods of the carbon spheres include element doping and construction of special morphology.Element introduction includes nonmetal element doping,metal element doping and special functional group doping.The methods to change the morphology of the carbon spheres include hollow porous structure and hollow multilayer structure.Secondly,the latest applications of the carbon spheres in various fields were summarized,Including supercapacitors,adsorbents,hydrogen storage and catalyst carriers.Finally,the challenges and application directions of the carbon spheres modification were pointed out.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金(31870564)
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