针对环氧树脂的阻燃问题,基于咪唑与石墨层之间的π-π相互作用,设计了咪唑基含磷离子液体([Dmim]Es)与石墨烯在环氧树脂(EP)中的分散体系。复合材料的热性能和阻燃性能研究表明,改性后的石墨烯纳米片材提高了环氧树脂的阻燃、抑烟和热稳定性。当加入7.5% [Dmim]Es和1%石墨烯(Gr)时,极限氧指数达到32.2%,UL-94测试等级达到V-0。力学性能测试表明,共混物的拉伸性能和冲击性能分别提高了23%和44%。离子液体[Dmim]Es改性的石墨烯纳米片材基体中的良好分散性不仅给EP带来了优异的力学性能,而且具有良好的阻燃性。
Aiming at the flame retardant problem of epoxy (EP) resin,based on the π-π stacking effect between imidazole and graphite layer,the dispersion system of imidazolyl phosphorus-containing ionic liquid (ILs) ([Dmim]Es) and graphene(GO) in EP resin was designed.The study on the thermal and flame retardant properties of the composites showed that the modified GO nanosheets improved the flame retardancy,smoke suppression and thermal stability of EP resin.When 7.5wt% [Dmim] Es and 1% GO were added,and the limiting oxygen index reached 32.2%.The mechanical properties test showed that the tensile properties and impact properties of the blends were increased by 23% and 44%,respectively.The results shown that the good dispersion of GO nanosheet modified by ionic liquid [Dmim] Es not only bringed excellent mechanical properties to the EP,but also had good flame retardancy.
[1] Vidil T,Tournilhac F,Musso S,et al.Control of reactions and network structures of epoxy thermosets[J].Progress in Polymer Science,2016,62:126-179.
[2] Zhang D,Jia D,Huang X.Bisphenol-A epoxy resin reinforced and toughened by hyperbranched epoxy resin[J].Frontiers of Chemical Engineering in China,2007,1(4):349-354.
[3] Capricho J C,Fox B,Hameed N.Multifunctionality in epoxy resins[J].Polymer Reviews,2019,60(1):1-41.
[4] Yao Z,Qian L,Qiu Y,et al.Flame retardant and toughening behaviors of bio-based DOPO-containing curing agent in epoxy thermoset[J].Polymers for Advanced Technologies,2019,31(3):461-471.
[5] Zhang Y C,Xu G L,Liang Y,et al.Preparation of flame retarded epoxy resins containing DOPO group[J].Thermochimica Acta,2016,643:33-40.
[6] Long L,Yin J,He W,et al.Synergistic effect of different nanoparticles on flame retardant poly(lactic acid) with bridged DOPO derivative[J].Polymer Composites,2019,40(3):1043-1052.
[7] Liu S,Fang Z,Yan H,et al.Synergistic flame retardancy effect of graphene nanosheets and traditional retardants on epoxy resin[J].Composites Part A:Applied Science and Manufacturing,2016,89:26-32.
[8] Liu J,Yuen R K K,Hong N,et al.The influence of mesoporous SiO2-graphene hybrid improved the flame retardancy of epoxy resins[J].Polymers for Advanced Technologies,2018,29(5):1478-1486.
[9] Xu W,Wang X,Wu X,et al.Organic-inorganic dual modified graphene:improving the dispersibility of graphene in epoxy resin and the fire safety of epoxy resin[J].Polymer Degradation and Stability,2019,165:80-91.
[10] Maton C,De Vos N,Stevens C V.Ionic liquid thermal stabilities:decomposition mechanisms and analysis tools[J].Chemical Society Reviews,2013,42(13):5963-77.
[11] Jiang Z,Wang Q,Liu L,et al.Dual-functionalized imidazolium ionic liquids as curing agents for epoxy resins[J].Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,2020,59(7):3024-3034.
[12] Wang B,Qin L,Mu T,et al.Are ionic liquids chemically stable?[J].Chemical Reviews,2017,117(10):7113-7131.
[13] Sonnier R,Dumazert L,Livi S,et al.Flame retardancy of phosphorus-containing ionic liquid based epoxy networks[J].Polymer Degradation and Stability,2016,134:186-193.
[14] Fukushima T,Aida T.Ionic liquids for soft functional materials with carbon nanotubes[J].Chemistry,2007,13(18):5048-5058.
[15] Shieh J Y,Wang C S.Synthesis of novel flame retardant epoxy hardeners and properties of cured products[J].Polymer,2001,42(18):7617-7625.
[16] He Q X,Tang L,Fu T,et al.Novel phosphorus-containing halogen-free ionic liquids:effect of sulfonate anion size on physical properties,biocompatibility,and flame retardancy[J].RSC Advances,2016,6(57):52485-52494.
[17] Duan W,Chen Y,Ma J,et al.High-performance graphene reinforced epoxy nanocomposites using benzyl glycidyl ether as a dispersant and surface modifier[J].Composites Part B:Engineering,2020,189:107878.
[18] Kulkarni H B,Tambe P,Joshi G M.Influence of covalent and non-covalent modification of graphene on the mechanical,thermal and electrical properties of epoxy/graphene nanocomposites:a review[J].Composite Interfaces,2017,25(5-7):381-414.
基金资助
吉林省自然科学基金项目(20190201301JC)
PDF
