双元贵金属纳米颗粒不仅具有组元金属颗粒的本身特性,还兼有组元之间的协同效应和相互作用。所得到的纳米颗粒具有优异的综合性能,如比表面积大、电催化活性高、生物相容性好等,广泛应用于催化、表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)、生化传感、医治疗养等领域。除颗粒尺寸、组分、形状外,组元的结合方式也会显著影响双元贵金属纳米颗粒的特性。因此,研究人员通过不同的策略构筑了多种结构,如核壳型结构、异质型结构和合金结构。这些双元贵金属纳米结构颗粒可以通过化学或物理方法来制备,如化学还原法、种子生长法、电偶置换法、高温退火等。综述了以贵金属(Au、Ag、Pt、Pd)为组元构筑的双元纳米颗粒的结构、合成方法以及应用进展,重点介绍了双元贵金属纳米结构颗粒的组成结构和制备方法。
Dual noble metal nanostructured particles not only have their perfect characteristics benefiting from the component metal,but also have synergistic effect as well as interaction between two components.The obtained nanoparticles have excellent comprehensive properties such as increasing specific surface area,enhancing electrocatalytic activity,improving biocompatibility,so that they have been widely used in many fields such as catalysis,surface-enhanced Raman scattering,biomedicine sensing.The combination of components will greatly affect the characteristics of dual noble metal nanoparticles.Therefore,researchers have constructed a variety of structures through different strategies,such as core-shell structures,heterogeneous structures,and alloy structures.These dual noble metal nanostructured particles can be prepared by chemical or physical methods,such as chemical reduction,seed growth method,galvanic replacement,high temperature annealing and so on.The research progress on the microstructure,construction routes,and wide applications of the dual nanoparticles constituted with noble metals (Au,Ag,Pt,Pd) was summarized.Furthermore,the combination types and synthesis methods of the nanostructured particles were introduced emphatically.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金(52063015)
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