采用不同碳链的烷基铵盐十八烷基三甲基溴化铵(STAB)与双十八烷基二甲基溴化铵(DSAB)改性蒙脱土(MMT)制备天然胶乳纳米复合材料,研究了烷基铵盐改性MMT的微观结构和分散相态,研究了MMT/天然胶乳(NRL)纳米复合材料的微观结构、分散相态、力学性能、动态加工性能和气体阻隔性能。结果表明:双链的DSAB改性MMT后,层间距更大,片层结构更加松散,改性效果优于单链的STAB。同时DSAB@MMT/NRL纳米复合材料比STAB@MMT/NRL纳米复合材料,形成了更多的插层结构,分散相态更加细致,均匀,拉伸强度更高,Payne效应更明显。MMT高长径比的片层结构能有效地降低气体分子的透过系数,且分散更加均匀,界面相互作用更强的DSAB@MMT制备的复合材料气体阻隔性能更优,添加10份DSAB@MMT可使复合材料的渗透系数较NRL下降约68%。
The montmorillonite (MMT) was modified by octadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (STAB) and dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide (DSAB) respectively.Then MMT/natural latex(NRL) nanocomposites were prepared by latex blending method.The microstructure and dispersive phase of MMT modified by alkyl ammonium salt were studied.The microstructure,dispersive phase,mechanical properties,dynamic machining properties and gas barrier properties of the MMT/NRL were studied.The results showed that the DSAB@MMT was better than the STAB@MMT,with larger layer spacing and looser laminate structure.At the same time,the DSAB@MMT/NRL had more intercalation structure than STAB@MMT/NRL nanocomposite,and the dispersed phase state was more meticulous and uniform,the tensile strength was higher,and the Payne effect was more obvious.As a lamellae structure with high aspect ratio,MMT can effectively reduce the permeability coefficient of gas molecules,and the composite prepared by DSAB@MMT with more uniform dispersion and stronger interfacial interaction which had better gas barrier performance.Adding 10phr DSAB@MMT can reduce the permeability coefficient of the composite by ～68% compared with NRL.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金(51573124);山西省“1331工程”重点学科建设计划经费资助项目(2015)
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