海洋生物污损会增大船舶自重,使船体腐蚀速率加快,也会增加温室气体排放,这明显增加船舶运行成本。重点综述了有机硅和有机氟等低表面能防污涂料用于船体防污减阻的研究进展,阐述了其应用中的优势和缺点;分析了基于海洋生物表面微结构防污减阻的原理和微结构表面的制备方法,综述了抗菌物质特别是抗菌多肽修饰基底表面对污损生物附着的影响,比较了表面结构与表面物质对船体表面防污的影响,最后展望了低表面能防污涂层技术的应用前景与发展方向。
Marine biofouling will increase the weight of the ship,accelerate the corrosion rate of the hull,and increase the greenhouse gas emissions,which will greatly pull up the ship operation cost.The focus was on the research progress of antifouling coating with low surface energy such as organic silicon and organic fluorine for antifouling and drag reduction of ship hulls,and explained their advantages and disadvantages in applications.The principle of antifouling and drag reduction based on the surface microstructure of marine organisms and the preparation method of the microstructure surface were analyzed.The effects of antibacterial substances,especially antibacterial peptides on the surface of modified substrates,on the adhesion of fouling organisms were reviewed.The effects of surface structure and surface substances on the antifouling of the hull surface were compared.Finally,the application prospects and development of low surface energy antifouling coating technology were prospected.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金(51905468);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20190916)
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