碳在自然界中分布广泛,在生物质中含量尤为丰富。依据碳材料的特殊组构性能,综述了生物质在水热条件下所制备碳微球的组成结构,讨论在底物中加入添加剂对碳微球物理化学性质的影响,并分析其形成机理。阐述水热法制备碳微球在环境修复、催化载体、电化学电极、电容器与生物医药等相关领域的应用。最后对碳微球的应用与前景进行展望,并提出复合碳微球将是今后的主要发展方向。
Carbon is widely distributed in nature.It is especially abundant in biomass.Therefore,nanocarbon microspheres occupy a special position in many nanomaterials.The morphology features and surface functional groups of carbon microspheres obtained from single biomass (mono saccharide,cellulose,starch) hydrothermal process were reviewed.The effects of additives on carbon microsphere' physicochemical properties were discussed.And the formation mechanism of carbon microspheres in hydrothermal process were analyzed.Besides,the application of carbon microspheres in environmental remediation,catalytic carrier,electrochemical electrode,capacitor,and bio-pharmaceuticals industries and other related fields were summarized.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金委地区基金(4166020069);广西环境污染控制理论与技术重点实验室研究基金资助(001102216078);桂林理工大学科研启动基金资助项目(GUTQDJJ2015027)与广西中青年能力项目(2018KY0249)
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